High power primary lithium ion microbatteries

Microbatteries are a critical component for powering autonomous and remote microdevices, but current microbatteries lack the power density and capacity required for high performance use. This paper reports primary microbatteries with high power density and capacity. The microbatteries are based on interdigitated three-dimensional nanoporous bicontinuous electrodes, which enable short ion diffusion lengths and high discharge power. The microbatteries utilize a high capacity manganese oxide cathode and lithium anode to achieve a capacity of up to 29.5 μAh/cm²μm, which is 10X the average capacity of the highest capacity rechargeable microbatteries reported.