TY - JOUR
T1 - High confidence optical confirmations among the high signal-to-noise planck cluster candidates
AU - Boada, Steven
AU - Hughes, John P.
AU - Menanteau, Felipe
AU - Doze, Peter
AU - Felipe Barrientos, L.
AU - Infante, L.
N1 - Funding Information:
This work was supported by NASA Astrophysics Data Analysis grant number NNX14AF73G and NSF Astronomy and Astrophysics Research Program award number 1615657. L.F.B. was partially supported by Anillo ACT-1417 and by CONICYT Project BASAL AFB-170002. We thank the several undergraduate students who worked on this project: August Miller, Alexis Freiling, Jessica Kerman, Kevin Feigelis, Ingrid Zimmerman, and Cole Bisaccia. Alexis, Jessica, and Ingrid were participants in Project SUPER (Science for Undergraduates: A Program for Excellence in Research), a STEMfocused enrichment program through Douglass that offers undergraduate women the opportunity to actively participate in academic research. August participated in the 2014 Rutgers NSF REU program. This research made use of several opensource packages: APLPY,10 an open-source plotting package for Python; the IPYTHON11 package (Perez & Granger 2007); MATPLOTLIB,12 a Python library for publication quality graphics (Hunter 2007) and ASTROPY,13 a community developed core Python package for Astronomy (The Astropy Collaboration et al. 2013). Funding for the SDSS and SDSSII has been provided by the Alfred P. Sloan Foundation, the Participating Institutions, the National Science Foundation, the U.S. Department of Energy, the National Aeronautics and Space Administration, the Japanese Monbukagakusho, the Max Planck Society, and the Higher Education Funding Council for England. The SDSS is managed by the Astrophysical Research Consortium for the Participating Institutions. This work has made use of data from the European Space Agency (ESA) mission Gaia,14 processed by the Gaia Data Processing and Analysis Consortium15 (DPAC). Funding for the DPAC has been provided by national institutions, in particular, the institutions participating in the Gaia Multilateral Agreement. This research has made use of the VizieR catalog access tool, CDS, Strasbourg, France. The original description of the VizieR service was published in Ochsenbein et al. (2000). This research has made use of the SVO Filter Profile Service16 supported from the Spanish MINECO through grant AyA2014-55216. This research has made use of the NASA/IPAC Extragalactic Database (NED), which is operated by the Jet Propulsion Laboratory, California Institute of Technology, under contract with the National Aeronautics and Space Administration.
Funding Information:
This work was supported by NASA Astrophysics Data Analysis grant number NNX14AF73G and NSF Astronomy and Astrophysics Research Program award number 1615657. L.F.B. was partially supported by Anillo ACT-1417 and by CONICYT Project BASAL AFB-170002. We thank the several undergraduate students who worked on this project: August Miller, Alexis Freiling, Jessica Kerman, Kevin Feigelis, Ingrid Zimmerman, and Cole Bisaccia. Alexis, Jessica, and Ingrid were participants in Project SUPER (Science for Undergraduates: A Program for Excellence in Research), a STEM-focused enrichment program through Douglass that offers undergraduate women the opportunity to actively participate in academic research. August participated in the 2014 Rutgers NSF REU program. This research made use of several open-source packages: APLPY,10 an open-source plotting package for Python; the IPYTHON11 package (Perez & Granger 2007); MATPLOTLIB,12 a Python library for publication quality graphics (Hunter 2007) and ASTROPY,13 a community developed core Python package for Astronomy (The Astropy Collaboration et al. 2013). Funding for the SDSS and SDSS-II has been provided by the Alfred P. Sloan Foundation, the Participating Institutions, the National Science Foundation, the U.S. Department of Energy, the National Aeronautics and Space Administration, the Japanese Monbukagakusho, the Max Planck Society, and the Higher Education Funding Council for England. The SDSS is managed by the Astrophysical Research Consortium for the Participating Institutions. This work has made use of data from the European Space Agency (ESA) mission Gaia,14 processed by the Gaia Data Processing and Analysis Consortium15 (DPAC). Funding for the DPAC has been provided by national institutions, in particular, the institutions participating in the Gaia Multilateral Agreement. This research has made use of the VizieR catalog access tool, CDS, Strasbourg, France. The original description of the VizieR service was published in Ochsenbein et al. (2000). This research has made use of the SVO Filter Profile Service16 supported from the Spanish MINECO through grant AyA2014-55216. This research has made use of the NASA/IPAC Extragalactic Database (NED), which is operated by the Jet Propulsion Laboratory, California Institute of Technology, under contract with the National Aeronautics and Space Administration. Finally, we thank all the staff at KPNO for ensuring the success of our observing and aiding in the acquisition of our data.
Publisher Copyright:
© 2019 The American Astronomical Society. All rights reserved.
PY - 2019/2/1
Y1 - 2019/2/1
N2 - We report on newly identified galaxy clusters from the high signal-to-noise (>5σ) end of the second all-sky Planck Sunyaev-Zel'dovich (SZ) catalog (PSZ2). The clusters are identified in deep, optical imaging from the Kitt Peak National Observatory 4 m Mayall telescope taken between 2014 and 2017. Here we focus on the highest richness systems, and identify galaxy clusters through a combination of the maxBCG algorithm and visual image inspection. Galaxy clusters are considered to be confirmed if they are both rich and spatially coincident (≲6′) with the reported PSZ2 position. Of the 85 fields containing unconfirmed PSZ2 candidates observed, we find 15 (17.6% of the observed sample) corresponding galaxy clusters (0.13 < z < 0.78), 12 of which are previously unrecognized as counterparts. To explain this low identification fraction, we consider three possible scenarios: That clusters are (1) mostly at low-z, (2) mostly at high-z, or (3) located in fields with high object density. None of these scenarios alone can account for the low purity of rich galaxy clusters among the high signal-to-noise PSZ2 unconfirmed candidates.
AB - We report on newly identified galaxy clusters from the high signal-to-noise (>5σ) end of the second all-sky Planck Sunyaev-Zel'dovich (SZ) catalog (PSZ2). The clusters are identified in deep, optical imaging from the Kitt Peak National Observatory 4 m Mayall telescope taken between 2014 and 2017. Here we focus on the highest richness systems, and identify galaxy clusters through a combination of the maxBCG algorithm and visual image inspection. Galaxy clusters are considered to be confirmed if they are both rich and spatially coincident (≲6′) with the reported PSZ2 position. Of the 85 fields containing unconfirmed PSZ2 candidates observed, we find 15 (17.6% of the observed sample) corresponding galaxy clusters (0.13 < z < 0.78), 12 of which are previously unrecognized as counterparts. To explain this low identification fraction, we consider three possible scenarios: That clusters are (1) mostly at low-z, (2) mostly at high-z, or (3) located in fields with high object density. None of these scenarios alone can account for the low purity of rich galaxy clusters among the high signal-to-noise PSZ2 unconfirmed candidates.
KW - cosmology: Observations
KW - galaxies: Clusters: General
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U2 - 10.3847/1538-4357/aaf3a0
DO - 10.3847/1538-4357/aaf3a0
M3 - Article
AN - SCOPUS:85062017843
SN - 0004-637X
VL - 871
JO - Astrophysical Journal
JF - Astrophysical Journal
IS - 2
M1 - 188
ER -