Ground state lost but degeneracy found: The effective thermodynamics of artificial spin ice

Cristiano Nisoli; Ruifang Wang; Jie Li; William F. McConville; Paul E. Lammert; Peter Schiffer; Vincent H. Crespi

doi:10.1103/PhysRevLett.98.217203

Ground state lost but degeneracy found: The effective thermodynamics of artificial spin ice

Cristiano Nisoli, Ruifang Wang, Jie Li, William F. McConville, Paul E. Lammert, Peter Schiffer, Vincent H. Crespi

Research output: Contribution to journal › Article › peer-review

Abstract

We analyze the rotational demagnetization of artificial spin ice, a recently realized array of nanoscale single-domain ferromagnetic islands. Demagnetization does not anneal this model system into its antiferromagnetic ground state: the moments have a static disordered configuration similar to the frozen state of the spin ice materials. We demonstrate that this athermal system has an effective extensive degeneracy and we introduce a formalism that can predict the populations of local states in this icelike system with no adjustable parameters.

Original language	English (US)
Article number	217203
Journal	Physical review letters
Volume	98
Issue number	21
DOIs	https://doi.org/10.1103/PhysRevLett.98.217203
State	Published - May 23 2007
Externally published	Yes

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General Physics and Astronomy

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10.1103/PhysRevLett.98.217203

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T2 - The effective thermodynamics of artificial spin ice

AU - Nisoli, Cristiano

AU - Wang, Ruifang

AU - Li, Jie

AU - McConville, William F.

AU - Lammert, Paul E.

AU - Schiffer, Peter

AU - Crespi, Vincent H.

PY - 2007/5/23

Y1 - 2007/5/23

N2 - We analyze the rotational demagnetization of artificial spin ice, a recently realized array of nanoscale single-domain ferromagnetic islands. Demagnetization does not anneal this model system into its antiferromagnetic ground state: the moments have a static disordered configuration similar to the frozen state of the spin ice materials. We demonstrate that this athermal system has an effective extensive degeneracy and we introduce a formalism that can predict the populations of local states in this icelike system with no adjustable parameters.

AB - We analyze the rotational demagnetization of artificial spin ice, a recently realized array of nanoscale single-domain ferromagnetic islands. Demagnetization does not anneal this model system into its antiferromagnetic ground state: the moments have a static disordered configuration similar to the frozen state of the spin ice materials. We demonstrate that this athermal system has an effective extensive degeneracy and we introduce a formalism that can predict the populations of local states in this icelike system with no adjustable parameters.

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Ground state lost but degeneracy found: The effective thermodynamics of artificial spin ice

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