TY - JOUR
T1 - Genome of the tropical plant Marchantia inflexa
T2 - implications for sex chromosome evolution and dehydration tolerance
AU - Marks, Rose A.
AU - Smith, Jeramiah J.
AU - Cronk, Quentin
AU - Grassa, Christopher J.
AU - McLetchie, D. Nicholas
N1 - Genome sequencing was funded by the Natural Sciences and Engineering Research Council of Canada (NSERC) Discovery Grants Program (grant no. RGPIN-2014-05820) grant to Q.C. Field work was funded by a University of Kentucky, Department of Biology’s Ribble grant to R.A.M. and the 2016 American Bryological and Lichenological Society’s Anderson and Crum Bryology Field Research Award to R.A.M. We thank the Flora Ribble Endowment, University of Kentucky, Department of Biology for a fellowship to R.A.M. that enabled this work. We thank the University of Kentucky, College of Agriculture, Food and Environment for greenhouse space; the Wildlife Section, Forestry Division, Ministry of Agriculture, Land and Marine Resources of Trinidad and Tobago for collection and export permits; the Water and Sewage Authority for access to the research sites; and Andrea and Darryl McLetchie for logistical support in Trinidad. We thank John L. Bowman (Monash University) for helpful correspondence, and numerous colleagues who provided feedback on earlier versions of the manuscript.
PY - 2019/12/1
Y1 - 2019/12/1
N2 - We present a draft genome assembly for the tropical liverwort, Marchantia inflexa, which adds to a growing body of genomic resources for bryophytes and provides an important perspective on the evolution and diversification of land plants. We specifically address questions related to sex chromosome evolution, sexual dimorphisms, and the genomic underpinnings of dehydration tolerance. This assembly leveraged the recently published genome of related liverwort, M. polymorpha, to improve scaffolding and annotation, aid in the identification of sex-linked sequences, and quantify patterns of sequence differentiation within Marchantia. We find that genes on sex chromosomes are under greater diversifying selection than autosomal and organellar genes. Interestingly, this is driven primarily by divergence of male-specific genes, while divergence of other sex-linked genes is similar to autosomal genes. Through analysis of sex-specific read coverage, we identify and validate genetic sex markers for M. inflexa, which will enable diagnosis of sex for non-reproductive individuals. To investigate dehydration tolerance, we capitalized on a difference between genetic lines, which allowed us to identify multiple dehydration associated genes two of which were sex-linked, suggesting that dehydration tolerance may be impacted by sex-specific genes.
AB - We present a draft genome assembly for the tropical liverwort, Marchantia inflexa, which adds to a growing body of genomic resources for bryophytes and provides an important perspective on the evolution and diversification of land plants. We specifically address questions related to sex chromosome evolution, sexual dimorphisms, and the genomic underpinnings of dehydration tolerance. This assembly leveraged the recently published genome of related liverwort, M. polymorpha, to improve scaffolding and annotation, aid in the identification of sex-linked sequences, and quantify patterns of sequence differentiation within Marchantia. We find that genes on sex chromosomes are under greater diversifying selection than autosomal and organellar genes. Interestingly, this is driven primarily by divergence of male-specific genes, while divergence of other sex-linked genes is similar to autosomal genes. Through analysis of sex-specific read coverage, we identify and validate genetic sex markers for M. inflexa, which will enable diagnosis of sex for non-reproductive individuals. To investigate dehydration tolerance, we capitalized on a difference between genetic lines, which allowed us to identify multiple dehydration associated genes two of which were sex-linked, suggesting that dehydration tolerance may be impacted by sex-specific genes.
UR - https://www.scopus.com/pages/publications/85067817575
UR - https://www.scopus.com/pages/publications/85067817575#tab=citedBy
U2 - 10.1038/s41598-019-45039-9
DO - 10.1038/s41598-019-45039-9
M3 - Article
C2 - 31217536
AN - SCOPUS:85067817575
SN - 2045-2322
VL - 9
JO - Scientific reports
JF - Scientific reports
IS - 1
M1 - 8722
ER -