Generalized non-masing hysteresis model for cyclic loading

Cyclic behavior of soils is often modeled using the Masing rules. When these rules are applied, hysteretic damping at large strains is overestimated. A non-Masing hysteresis model that reduces the size of hysteresis loops can better capture the damping behavior of soils measured in laboratory testing. A generalized non-Masing hysteresis model is proposed and shown to be compatible with a broad range of constitutive modeling frameworks. The proposed model is implemented in a superposition-type parallel-series distributed element model as well as a continuous and a piecewise linear one-dimensional backbone formulation in addition to a hyperbolic one-dimensional backbone formulation. Bidirectional and unidirectional element-level simulations are conducted. The proposed model is shown to produce non-Masing hysteretic behavior without dependence on the underlying constitutive modeling framework.