TY - JOUR
T1 - Galectin-3 as a novel biomarker in cats with hypertrophic cardiomyopathy
AU - Stack, J. P.
AU - Fries, R. C.
AU - Kruckman, L.
AU - Kadotani, S.
AU - Wallace, G.
N1 - Winn Feline Foundation, Grant/Award Number: MTW17-009. Additional support was provided by Idexx Reference Laboratories through blood collection supplies and reduced costs of feline health panels, NT-proBNP and cardiac troponin I assays.
PY - 2023/8
Y1 - 2023/8
N2 - Introduction/Objectives: Galectin-3 (Gal-3) is a circulating biomarker of fibrosis. In humans, increased Gal-3 is predictive of myocardial fibrosis and adverse cardiac events. The aim of this study was to evaluate the potential for Gal-3 as a cardiac biomarker in cats with hypertrophic cardiomyopathy (HCM). Materials and methods: Eighty cats were enrolled (25 healthy cats with normal hearts, 35 with HCM American College of Veterinary Internal Medicine (ACVIM) stage B, and 21 with HCM ACVIM stage C). Each cat received a full echocardiogram, health panel, and total thyroxin level. Galectin-3 levels were measured for each enrolled patient. Troponin I and N-terminal pro-brain natriuretic peptide (NT-proBNP) were obtained for the majority of cats. Additionally, 17 ACVIM stage B cats underwent cardiac-gated magnetic resonance (CMR) imaging to assess myocardial extracellular volume (ECV), a noninvasive measure of myocardial fibrosis. Results: Galectin-3 levels are increased in cats with HCM ACVIM stage B and C compared to healthy cats; however, no significant differences were detected between ACVIM stage B and ACVIM stage C cats. In HCM-affected cats, Galectin-3 showed statistically significant correlations with left atrial dimensions, left atrial:aorta ratio, and CMR-derived ECV. Quantitative NT-proBNP showed excellent discrimination between all groups and troponin I was able to discriminate between ACVIM stage C and normal cats, but not between other groups. Conclusions: Circulating Gal-3 levels are increased in cats with HCM and is positively correlated with left atrial dimensions and ECV in affected cats. Further studies evaluating the relationship between Gal-3, myocardial fibrosis, and clinical outcomes are warranted.
AB - Introduction/Objectives: Galectin-3 (Gal-3) is a circulating biomarker of fibrosis. In humans, increased Gal-3 is predictive of myocardial fibrosis and adverse cardiac events. The aim of this study was to evaluate the potential for Gal-3 as a cardiac biomarker in cats with hypertrophic cardiomyopathy (HCM). Materials and methods: Eighty cats were enrolled (25 healthy cats with normal hearts, 35 with HCM American College of Veterinary Internal Medicine (ACVIM) stage B, and 21 with HCM ACVIM stage C). Each cat received a full echocardiogram, health panel, and total thyroxin level. Galectin-3 levels were measured for each enrolled patient. Troponin I and N-terminal pro-brain natriuretic peptide (NT-proBNP) were obtained for the majority of cats. Additionally, 17 ACVIM stage B cats underwent cardiac-gated magnetic resonance (CMR) imaging to assess myocardial extracellular volume (ECV), a noninvasive measure of myocardial fibrosis. Results: Galectin-3 levels are increased in cats with HCM ACVIM stage B and C compared to healthy cats; however, no significant differences were detected between ACVIM stage B and ACVIM stage C cats. In HCM-affected cats, Galectin-3 showed statistically significant correlations with left atrial dimensions, left atrial:aorta ratio, and CMR-derived ECV. Quantitative NT-proBNP showed excellent discrimination between all groups and troponin I was able to discriminate between ACVIM stage C and normal cats, but not between other groups. Conclusions: Circulating Gal-3 levels are increased in cats with HCM and is positively correlated with left atrial dimensions and ECV in affected cats. Further studies evaluating the relationship between Gal-3, myocardial fibrosis, and clinical outcomes are warranted.
KW - Biomarker
KW - Cardiac
KW - Cardiac magnetic resonance imaging
KW - Feline
KW - Myocardial fibrosis
UR - http://www.scopus.com/inward/record.url?scp=85165019382&partnerID=8YFLogxK
UR - http://www.scopus.com/inward/citedby.url?scp=85165019382&partnerID=8YFLogxK
U2 - 10.1016/j.jvc.2023.06.003
DO - 10.1016/j.jvc.2023.06.003
M3 - Article
C2 - 37480722
AN - SCOPUS:85165019382
SN - 1760-2734
VL - 48
SP - 54
EP - 62
JO - Journal of Veterinary Cardiology
JF - Journal of Veterinary Cardiology
ER -