FUNDAMENTALS OF ELECTROCHEMICAL MASS TRANSFER.

Scientists and engineers working on fundamental aspects are currently making significant progress in transport in membranes and in fused salts. Because methods for prediction of thermodynamic properties of electrolytic solutions have advanced significantly during the past decade, the challenge to improve prediction methods for transport properties has become even more important. Engineers and technologists who seek to develop specific systems often rely on simpler methods of rapid estimation; it is these upon which this presentation will focus. Diffusion phenomena fall into two categories of steady- and unsteady-state where, in the latter case, the time dependence may arise either owing to a semi-infinite volume which cannot acquire the property of steady-state, or to time-dependent boundary conditions. Forced laminar convection with concentration-independent physical properties represents the most widely studied mass transfer case since the fluid motion can be computed separately from the concentration distribution near the surface. For many systems, experimental measurements of mass transfer behavior can be shaped into dimensionless correlations which clarify dependence on geometry, flow, and physical properties.