@article{2976921afe7c49bdaf742ab31293e19a,
title = "First Measurement of Transverse-Spin-Dependent Azimuthal Asymmetries in the Drell-Yan Process",
abstract = "The first measurement of transverse-spin-dependent azimuthal asymmetries in the pion-induced Drell-Yan (DY) process is reported. We use the CERN SPS 190 GeV/c π- beam and a transversely polarized ammonia target. Three azimuthal asymmetries giving access to different transverse-momentum-dependent (TMD) parton distribution functions (PDFs) are extracted using dimuon events with invariant mass between 4.3 GeV/c2 and 8.5 GeV/c2. Within the experimental uncertainties, the observed sign of the Sivers asymmetry is found to be consistent with the fundamental prediction of quantum chromodynamics (QCD) that the Sivers TMD PDFs extracted from DY have a sign opposite to the one extracted from semi-inclusive deep-inelastic scattering (SIDIS) data. We present two other asymmetries originating from the pion Boer-Mulders TMD PDFs convoluted with either the nucleon transversity or pretzelosity TMD PDFs. A recent COMPASS SIDIS measurement was obtained at a hard scale comparable to that of these DY results. This opens the way for possible tests of fundamental QCD universality predictions.",
author = "{(COMPASS Collaboration)} and M. Aghasyan and R. Akhunzyanov and Alexeev, {G. D.} and Alexeev, {M. G.} and A. Amoroso and V. Andrieux and Anfimov, {N. V.} and V. Anosov and A. Antoshkin and K. Augsten and W. Augustyniak and A. Austregesilo and Azevedo, {C. D.R.} and B. Bade{\l}ek and F. Balestra and M. Ball and J. Barth and R. Beck and Y. Bedfer and J. Bernhard and K. Bicker and Bielert, {E. R.} and R. Birsa and M. Bodlak and P. Bordalo and F. Bradamante and A. Bressan and M. B{\"u}chele and Chang, {W. C.} and C. Chatterjee and M. Chiosso and I. Choi and Chung, {S. U.} and A. Cicuttin and Crespo, {M. L.} and {Dalla Torre}, S. and Dasgupta, {S. S.} and S. Dasgupta and Denisov, {O. Yu} and L. Dhara and Donskov, {S. V.} and N. Doshita and Ch Dreisbach and W. D{\"u}nnweber and M. Dziewiecki and A. Efremov and {Grosse Perdekamp}, M. and N. Makins and Peng, {J. C.} and C. Riedl",
note = "Funding Information: We gratefully acknowledge the support of the CERN management and staff and the skill and effort of the technicians of our collaborating institutes. Special thanks go to A. Dudarev, E. Feldbaumer, L. Gatignon, C. Theis, H. Ten Kate, and H. Vincke for invaluable help in the preparation of this experiment. For fruitful discussions and essential input to the preparation of the proposal of this measurement, we thank M. Anselmino, A. Bacchetta, A. Bianconi, S. Melis, M. Radici, O. Teryaev, B. Pasquini, and A. Prokudin. We are grateful to M. E. Boglione, M. Echevarria, and F. Yuan for providing us with numerical values of their model predictions. This work was made possible by the financial support of our funding agencies: MEYS (Czech Republic) Grant No. LG13031; FP7 “HadronPhysics3” Grant No. 283286 (European Union); CEA, P2I and ANR (France); BMBF, DFG Cluster of Excellence “Origin and Structure of the Universe,” DFG Research Training Group Programmes 1102 and 2044 (Germany); B. Sen Fund (India); Academy of Sciences and Humanities (Israel); INFN (Italy); MEXT and JSPS, Grants No. 8002006, No. 20540299, and No. 18540281, Daiko and Yamada Foundations (Japan); NCN Grant No. 2015/18/M/ST2/00550 (Poland); FCT COMPETE and QREN, Grants No. CERN/FP 116376/2010, No. 123600/2011, and No. CERN/FIS-NUC/0017/2015 (Portugal); CERN-RFBR Grant No. 12-02-91500, Presidential Grant No. NSh-999.2014.2 (Russia); MST (Taiwan); and NSF (USA). Publisher Copyright: {\textcopyright} 2017 authors. Published by the American Physical Society.",
year = "2017",
month = sep,
day = "12",
doi = "10.1103/PhysRevLett.119.112002",
language = "English (US)",
volume = "119",
journal = "Physical Review Letters",
issn = "0031-9007",
publisher = "American Physical Society",
number = "11",
}