@article{7db12a6f94174cad83da4b287874be58,
title = "Final COMPASS Results on the Transverse-Spin-Dependent Azimuthal Asymmetries in the Pion-Induced Drell-Yan Process",
abstract = "The COMPASS Collaboration performed measurements of the Drell-Yan process in 2015 and 2018 using a 190 GeV/c π- beam impinging on a transversely polarized ammonia target. Combining the data of both years, we present final results on the amplitudes of five azimuthal modulations, which correspond to transverse-spin-dependent azimuthal asymmetries (TSAs) in the dimuon production cross section. Three of them probe the nucleon leading-twist Sivers, transversity, and pretzelosity transverse-momentum dependent (TMD) parton distribution functions (PDFs). The other two are induced by subleading effects. These TSAs provide unique new inputs for the study of the nucleon TMD PDFs and their universality properties. In particular, the Sivers TSA observed in this measurement is consistent with the fundamental QCD prediction of a sign change of naive time-reversal-odd TMD PDFs when comparing the Drell-Yan process with deep inelastic scattering. Also, within the context of model predictions, the observed transversity TSA is consistent with the expectation of a sign change for the Boer-Mulders function.",
author = "{(COMPASS Collaboration)} and Alexeev, {G. D.} and Alexeev, {M. G.} and C. Alice and A. Amoroso and V. Andrieux and V. Anosov and K. Augsten and W. Augustyniak and Azevedo, {C. D.R.} and B. Badelek and J. Barth and R. Beck and J. Beckers and Y. Bedfer and J. Bernhard and M. Bodlak and F. Bradamante and A. Bressan and Chang, {W. C.} and C. Chatterjee and M. Chiosso and Chumakov, {A. G.} and Chung, {S. U.} and A. Cicuttin and Correia, {P. M.M.} and Crespo, {M. L.} and D. D'Ago and {Dalla Torre}, S. and Dasgupta, {S. S.} and S. Dasgupta and F. Delcarro and I. Denisenko and Denisov, {O. Yu} and Donskov, {S. V.} and N. Doshita and Ch Dreisbach and W. D{\"u}nnweber and Dusaev, {R. R.} and D. Ecker and D. Eremeev and P. Faccioli and M. Faessler and M. Finger and M. Finger and H. Fischer and Fl{\"o}thner, {K. J.} and W. Florian and {Grosse Perdekamp}, M. and Peng, {J. C.} and C. Riedl",
note = "We gratefully acknowledge the support of the CERN management and staff and the skill and effort of the technicians of our collaborating institutes. We are grateful to S. Bastami and the authors of Ref. for providing us with numerical values of their model predictions. This work was made possible by the financial support of our funding agencies: the Higher Education and Science Committee of the Republic of Armenia, in the frame of the research project No. 21AG-1C028 (Armenia); the MEYS Grants No. LM2023040, No. LM2018104 and No. LTT17018 (Czech Republic); the Charles University Grant No. PRIMUS/22/SCI/017 (Czech Republic); the BMBF Bundesministerium f\u00FCr Bildung und Forschung (Germany); the DFG cluster of excellence \u201COrigin and Structure of the Universe\u201D (Germany); the B. Sen fund (India); the Israel Academy of Sciences and Humanities; the Funds for Research 2019-22 of the University of Eastern Piedmont (Italy); the MEXT and JSPS under Grants No. 18002006, No. 20540299, No. 18540281 and No. 26247032 (Japan); the Daiko and Yamada Foundations (Japan); the NCN (Poland) Grant No. 2020/37/B/ST2/01547; the FCT Grants DOI 10.54499/CERN/FIS-PAR/0022/2019 and DOI 10.54499/CERN/FIS-PAR/0016/2021 (Portugal); the Ministry of Science and Technology (Taiwan); the National Science Foundation, Grant No. PHY-1506416 (USA); the European Union\u2019s Horizon 2020 research and innovation programme under Grant Agreement STRONG\u20132020\u2014No. 824093. We gratefully acknowledge the support of the CERN management and staff and the skill and effort of the technicians of our collaborating institutes. We are grateful to S. Bastami and the authors of Ref. for providing us with numerical values of their model predictions. This work was made possible by the financial support of our funding agencies: the Higher Education and Science Committee of the Republic of Armenia, in the frame of the research project No. 21AG-1C028 (Armenia); the MEYS Grants No. LM2023040, No. LM2018104 and No. LTT17018 (Czech Republic); the Charles University Grant No. PRIMUS/22/SCI/017 (Czech Republic); the BMBF Bundesministerium for Bildung und Forschung (Germany); the DFG cluster of excellence Origin and Structure of the Universe (Germany); the B. Sen fund (India); the Israel Academy of Sciences and Humanities; the Funds for Research 2019-22 of the University of Eastern Piedmont (Italy); the MEXT and JSPS under Grants No. 18002006, No. 20540299, No. 18540281 and No. 26247032 (Japan); the Daiko and Yamada Foundations (Japan); the NCN (Poland) Grant No. 2020/37/B/ST2/01547; the FCT Grants DOI 10.54499/CERN/FIS-PAR/0022/2019 and DOI 10.54499/CERN/FIS-PAR/0016/2021 (Portugal); the Ministry of Science and Technology (Taiwan); the National Science Foundation, Grant No. PHY-1506416 (USA); the European Union's Horizon 2020 research and innovation programme under Grant Agreement STRONG-2020-No. 824093.",
year = "2024",
month = aug,
day = "16",
doi = "10.1103/PhysRevLett.133.071902",
language = "English (US)",
volume = "133",
journal = "Physical review letters",
issn = "0031-9007",
publisher = "American Physical Society",
number = "7",
}