TY - JOUR
T1 - Field reconnaissance and observations from the February 6, 2023, Turkey earthquake sequence
AU - Ozkula, Gulen
AU - Dowell, Robert K.
AU - Baser, Tugce
AU - Lin, Jui Liang
AU - Numanoglu, Ozgun A.
AU - Ilhan, Okan
AU - Olgun, C. Guney
AU - Huang, Cheng Wei
AU - Uludag, Tunc Deniz
N1 - Funding Information:
We would like to extend our sincere appreciation to the individuals who generously assisted our reconnaissance team during the earthquake fieldwork. Their invaluable contributions have significantly enhanced the quality and depth of our research. The authors wish to express their gratitude to the following individuals: Engin Aktas, Prof. at Izmir institute of Technology, Ibrahim Baran, building official at Nurdagi, Gaziantep, Ercan Acimis, owner of Sepas Plastik, Mehmet Kiliclar, owner of Hat Boru, Cem Firinci, Contractor at Antakya, Hatay, Emre Keten, Local Engineer at Gaziantep, Fahri Baran Koroglu, researcher at Gaziantep, Micheal, responsible person at churches at Hatay, and Hasan, responsible from demolishing of buildings. The success of our earthquake reconnaissance fieldwork and the completion of this study would not have been possible without the generous support and collaboration of these esteemed individuals. Their invaluable contributions have advanced our knowledge in the field of seismic assessment and have helped us fulfill our research objectives. The authors wish to express their deepest appreciation for the assistance provided by these individuals, whose dedication have greatly enriched this journal paper.
Publisher Copyright:
© 2023, The Author(s), under exclusive licence to Springer Nature B.V.
PY - 2023/10
Y1 - 2023/10
N2 - On February 6, 2023, a sequence of earthquakes hit Kahramanmaras, Turkey, with magnitudes of M w = 7.8 and 7.5, at 4:17 am and 1:24 pm local time, respectively. According to the records, the M w = 7.8 event was the biggest earthquake since the 1939 Erzincan earthquake of the same magnitude and second-strongest recorded after the 1668 North Anatolia Earthquake. However, it was the most devastating earthquake in the history of Turkey in terms of structural and geotechnical damage and fatalities caused by this. The objective of this article is to explore the aftermath of this major seismic event, with a particular focus on the following areas: (1) regional geology and seismotectonics background, along with geological field observations; (2) seismological context and analysis of strong ground motion records; (3) a summary of field reconnaissance findings; (4) an evaluation of residential structures, bridges, schools, hospitals, and places of worship, as well as, building foundations; (5) a study of soil and rock slopes, seismic soil liquefaction manifestations, rockfalls, earth dams, harbors, lifelines, ports, deep excavations, and retaining structures. The conclusions drawn herein are from the field reconnaissance and, therefore, are preliminary in nature. Subsequent research utilizing the gathered data will offer more comprehensive insights and definitive conclusions regarding the observations discussed.
AB - On February 6, 2023, a sequence of earthquakes hit Kahramanmaras, Turkey, with magnitudes of M w = 7.8 and 7.5, at 4:17 am and 1:24 pm local time, respectively. According to the records, the M w = 7.8 event was the biggest earthquake since the 1939 Erzincan earthquake of the same magnitude and second-strongest recorded after the 1668 North Anatolia Earthquake. However, it was the most devastating earthquake in the history of Turkey in terms of structural and geotechnical damage and fatalities caused by this. The objective of this article is to explore the aftermath of this major seismic event, with a particular focus on the following areas: (1) regional geology and seismotectonics background, along with geological field observations; (2) seismological context and analysis of strong ground motion records; (3) a summary of field reconnaissance findings; (4) an evaluation of residential structures, bridges, schools, hospitals, and places of worship, as well as, building foundations; (5) a study of soil and rock slopes, seismic soil liquefaction manifestations, rockfalls, earth dams, harbors, lifelines, ports, deep excavations, and retaining structures. The conclusions drawn herein are from the field reconnaissance and, therefore, are preliminary in nature. Subsequent research utilizing the gathered data will offer more comprehensive insights and definitive conclusions regarding the observations discussed.
KW - Bridges
KW - Earthquake reconnaissance
KW - Geostructures
KW - Residential buildings
KW - Turkey earthquake
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U2 - 10.1007/s11069-023-06143-2
DO - 10.1007/s11069-023-06143-2
M3 - Article
AN - SCOPUS:85168919967
SN - 0921-030X
VL - 119
SP - 663
EP - 700
JO - Natural Hazards
JF - Natural Hazards
IS - 1
ER -