Field-dependent and field-independent conceptualisations of various instructional methods with an emphasis on CAI: A qualitative analysis

Learning preferences differences and similarities of field-dependent/independent college students were investigated with an emphasis on the usage of a computer-assisted instruction (CAI) program designed for an ornamental horticulture class. The study was undertaken to improve the quality of a CAI program and the quality of instruction within the course. After administration of the Group Embedded Figures Test (GEFT) instrument, qualitative interviews further investigated how each participant conceptualised their learning process. The findings were congruent with the theory of field dependency. In addition, results indicated that field-independent students felt that using CAI was beneficial, but may prove to be more advantageous with provided structure. In contrast, field-dependent students did not feel there was benefit in using the CAI program, but with provided structure, benefits may occur. However, both field-dependent/independent students would prefer a greater usage of visuals in this CAI program. Both groups of students expressed advantages to the use of the CAI program but preferred traditional instructional methods of laboratory and lecture to CAI as their primary source of information.