Fat, fibre and cancer risk in African Americans and rural Africans

Stephen J.D. O'Keefe; Jia V. Li; Leo Lahti; Junhai Ou; Franck Carbonero; Khaled Mohammed; Joram M. Posma; James Kinross; Elaine Wahl; Elizabeth Ruder; Kishore Vipperla; Vasudevan Naidoo; Lungile Mtshali; Sebastian Tims; Philippe G.B. Puylaert; James Delany; Alyssa Krasinskas; Ann C. Benefiel; Hatem O. Kaseb; Keith Newton; Jeremy K. Nicholson; Willem M. De Vos; H. Rex Gaskins; Erwin G. Zoetendal

doi:10.1038/ncomms7342

Fat, fibre and cancer risk in African Americans and rural Africans

Stephen J.D. O'Keefe, Jia V. Li, Leo Lahti, Junhai Ou, Franck Carbonero, Khaled Mohammed, Joram M. Posma, James Kinross, Elaine Wahl, Elizabeth Ruder, Kishore Vipperla, Vasudevan Naidoo, Lungile Mtshali, Sebastian Tims, Philippe G.B. Puylaert, James Delany, Alyssa Krasinskas, Ann C. Benefiel, Hatem O. Kaseb, Keith NewtonJeremy K. Nicholson, Willem M. De Vos, H. Rex Gaskins, Erwin G. Zoetendal

Research output: Contribution to journal › Article › peer-review

Abstract

Rates of colon cancer are much higher in African Americans (65:100,000) than in rural South Africans (<5:100,000). The higher rates are associated with higher animal protein and fat, and lower fibre consumption, higher colonic secondary bile acids, lower colonic short-chain fatty acid quantities and higher mucosal proliferative biomarkers of cancer risk in otherwise healthy middle-aged volunteers. Here we investigate further the role of fat and fibre in this association. We performed 2-week food exchanges in subjects from the same populations, where African Americans were fed a high-fibre, low-fat African-style diet and rural Africans a high-fat, low-fibre western-style diet, under close supervision. In comparison with their usual diets, the food changes resulted in remarkable reciprocal changes in mucosal biomarkers of cancer risk and in aspects of the microbiota and metabolome known to affect cancer risk, best illustrated by increased saccharolytic fermentation and butyrogenesis, and suppressed secondary bile acid synthesis in the African Americans.

Original language	English (US)
Article number	6342
Journal	Nature communications
Volume	6
DOIs	https://doi.org/10.1038/ncomms7342
State	Published - Apr 28 2015

ASJC Scopus subject areas

Chemistry(all)
Biochemistry, Genetics and Molecular Biology(all)
Physics and Astronomy(all)

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O'Keefe, S. J. D., Li, J. V., Lahti, L., Ou, J., Carbonero, F., Mohammed, K., Posma, J. M., Kinross, J., Wahl, E., Ruder, E., Vipperla, K., Naidoo, V., Mtshali, L., Tims, S., Puylaert, P. G. B., Delany, J., Krasinskas, A., Benefiel, A. C., Kaseb, H. O., ... Zoetendal, E. G. (2015). Fat, fibre and cancer risk in African Americans and rural Africans. Nature communications, 6, [6342]. https://doi.org/10.1038/ncomms7342

Fat, fibre and cancer risk in African Americans and rural Africans. / O'Keefe, Stephen J.D.; Li, Jia V.; Lahti, Leo; Ou, Junhai; Carbonero, Franck; Mohammed, Khaled; Posma, Joram M.; Kinross, James; Wahl, Elaine; Ruder, Elizabeth; Vipperla, Kishore; Naidoo, Vasudevan; Mtshali, Lungile; Tims, Sebastian; Puylaert, Philippe G.B.; Delany, James; Krasinskas, Alyssa; Benefiel, Ann C.; Kaseb, Hatem O.; Newton, Keith; Nicholson, Jeremy K.; De Vos, Willem M.; Gaskins, H. Rex; Zoetendal, Erwin G.

In: Nature communications, Vol. 6, 6342, 28.04.2015.

Research output: Contribution to journal › Article › peer-review

O'Keefe, SJD, Li, JV, Lahti, L, Ou, J, Carbonero, F, Mohammed, K, Posma, JM, Kinross, J, Wahl, E, Ruder, E, Vipperla, K, Naidoo, V, Mtshali, L, Tims, S, Puylaert, PGB, Delany, J, Krasinskas, A, Benefiel, AC, Kaseb, HO, Newton, K, Nicholson, JK, De Vos, WM, Gaskins, HR & Zoetendal, EG 2015, 'Fat, fibre and cancer risk in African Americans and rural Africans', Nature communications, vol. 6, 6342. https://doi.org/10.1038/ncomms7342

O'Keefe, Stephen J.D. ; Li, Jia V. ; Lahti, Leo ; Ou, Junhai ; Carbonero, Franck ; Mohammed, Khaled ; Posma, Joram M. ; Kinross, James ; Wahl, Elaine ; Ruder, Elizabeth ; Vipperla, Kishore ; Naidoo, Vasudevan ; Mtshali, Lungile ; Tims, Sebastian ; Puylaert, Philippe G.B. ; Delany, James ; Krasinskas, Alyssa ; Benefiel, Ann C. ; Kaseb, Hatem O. ; Newton, Keith ; Nicholson, Jeremy K. ; De Vos, Willem M. ; Gaskins, H. Rex ; Zoetendal, Erwin G. / Fat, fibre and cancer risk in African Americans and rural Africans. In: Nature communications. 2015 ; Vol. 6.

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AU - Mohammed, Khaled

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AU - Krasinskas, Alyssa

AU - Benefiel, Ann C.

AU - Kaseb, Hatem O.

AU - Newton, Keith

AU - Nicholson, Jeremy K.

AU - De Vos, Willem M.

AU - Gaskins, H. Rex

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