Exploration of amplitude tapering in linear phased arrays with pattern-reconfigurable elements

In classical periodic phased arrays, designers use the amplitude and phase of identical array elements to achieve desired characteristics such as sidelobe level, main beamwidth, scan angle, etc. A phased array composed of individual pattern-reconfigurable antenna elements possesses a third degree of freedom that may enhance or expand array performance. This work explores the functional benefits of utilizing radiation reconfigurable antennas with beam tilts in phased arrays, focusing on the effects of reconfigurability on sidelobe level, gain, and excitation dynamic range of amplitude tapered linear phased arrays. Simulated patterns from a broadside-to-tilted radiation reconfigurable antenna were used to calculate the overall array pattern via superposition for a linear, equally spaced array. Results indicate the concept has potential for lowering sidelobe levels, increasing system efficiency, and expanding array capability compared to that of a traditional planar array with fixed broadside elements.