Evaluating the Far-Infrared Radiation Bioeffects on Micro Vascular Dysfunction, Nervous System, and Plantar Pressure in Diabetes Mellitus

The most frequent clinical complication is diabetes. Diabetes is characterized by elevated blood glucose levels resulting in sensory nerve damage or lesions. Diabetic foot wounds are often slow to heal and require medical attention and monitoring. This study evaluates the effect of far-infrared radiation on the microcirculation and plantar pressure in the diabetic foot. Ten diabetics and 4 nondiabetics were recruited in this study. The diabetic group was examined before and after the intervention in each month for 3 consecutive months. Four nondiabetic groups were also measured before and after the intervention for 2 weeks in each month. The surface temperature and blood flow in the diabetic foot was significantly improved (temperature: 32.1 ± 2.3°C vs 33.5 ± 2.2°C, P <.05; blood flow image: 118.3 ± 58.1 PU [perfusion unit] vs 50.4 ± 4.3 PU, P <.05). The sympathetic nerve activity index LF also increased from 40.8 ± 18.6% to 61.8 ± 13.5% (P =.07) in the second month. Plantar pressure tended to increase in the third month. This might indicate that far-infrared radiation could affect the mechanical properties of the plantar foot soft tissue. These results indicated that the effects of far-infrared radiation would improve blood circulation and change the soft tissue properties in the diabetic foot.