TY - JOUR
T1 - Epidemiology and molecular characterization of Carnivore protoparvovirus-1 infection in the wild felid Leopardus guigna in Chile
AU - Sacristán, Irene
AU - Esperón, Fernando
AU - Pérez, Rubén
AU - Acuña, Francisca
AU - Aguilar, Emilio
AU - García, Sebastián
AU - López, María José
AU - Neves, Elena
AU - Cabello, Javier
AU - Hidalgo-Hermoso, Ezequiel
AU - Terio, Karen A.
AU - Millán, Javier
AU - Poulin, Elie
AU - Napolitano, Constanza
N1 - Funding Information:
We gratefully acknowledge local inhabitants of rural communities for kindly giving us the opportunity to sample their domestic cats. We are grateful to CONAF, especially Patricio Contreras, Patricia Barría, Andrea Bahamonde and Dennis Aldrigde; SAG, especially Diego Ramírez and Rodrigo Villalobos; the Ministry of the Environment, especially Sandra Díaz; Tantauco Park, especially Alan Bannister and Catherine Chirgwin; and the Valdivian Coastal Reserve and Camila Dünner for logistic support. Special thanks to Debora Mera, Diego Peñaloza, Gonzalo Canto, Camila Núñez, Héctor Basualto, Nicolás Gálvez, Eduardo Silva, Maximiliano Sepúlveda, José Luis Brito, Daniel González, Nicole Sallaberry, Angelo Espinoza, Jorge Valenzuela, Daniela Poo, Francisca Astorga, Violeta Barrera, Macarena Barros, Gonzalo Medina, Claudia Hernández, Nora Prehn, Camila Sepúlveda, Gerardo Morales, Daniela Ormazával, Pía Astudillo, Andrea Roa, Gaby Svensson, Ricardo Pino, Frederick Toro, Elfego Cuevas, Mario Alvarado, Brayan Zambrano, Tomás Valdés and Manuel Valdés for their valuable support in sample collection. Our work was funded by CONICYT FONDECYT Iniciación 11150934 (CN), Morris Animal Foundation D15ZO-413 (CN), National Geographic Society C309-15 (CN), Mohamed bin Zayed Species Conservation Fund 152510351 (CN), 2018 Endeavour Research Fellowship (Australian government) (CN), ANID PAI 77190064 (CN), CONICYT PIA APOYO CCTE AFB170008 (CN, EP), the Wild Felid Association (IS), Fondo Interno UNAB DI-778-15/R (JM), Morris Animal Foundation D16Z-825 (JM), and CONICYT FONDECYT Regular 1161593 (JM, CN).
Funding Information:
We gratefully acknowledge local inhabitants of rural communities for kindly giving us the opportunity to sample their domestic cats. We are grateful to CONAF, especially Patricio Contreras, Patricia Barría, Andrea Bahamonde and Dennis Aldrigde; SAG, especially Diego Ramírez and Rodrigo Villalobos; the Ministry of the Environment, especially Sandra Díaz; Tantauco Park, especially Alan Bannister and Catherine Chirgwin; and the Valdivian Coastal Reserve and Camila Dünner for logistic support. Special thanks to Debora Mera, Diego Peñaloza, Gonzalo Canto, Camila Núñez, Héctor Basualto, Nicolás Gálvez, Eduardo Silva, Maximiliano Sepúlveda, José Luis Brito, Daniel González, Nicole Sallaberry, Angelo Espinoza, Jorge Valenzuela, Daniela Poo, Francisca Astorga, Violeta Barrera, Macarena Barros, Gonzalo Medina, Claudia Hernández, Nora Prehn, Camila Sepúlveda, Gerardo Morales, Daniela Ormazával, Pía Astudillo, Andrea Roa, Gaby Svensson, Ricardo Pino, Frederick Toro, Elfego Cuevas, Mario Alvarado, Brayan Zambrano, Tomás Valdés and Manuel Valdés for their valuable support in sample collection. Our work was funded by CONICYT FONDECYT Iniciación 11150934 (CN), Morris Animal Foundation D15ZO‐413 (CN), National Geographic Society C309‐15 (CN), Mohamed bin Zayed Species Conservation Fund 152510351 (CN), 2018 Endeavour Research Fellowship (Australian government) (CN), ANID PAI 77190064 (CN), CONICYT PIA APOYO CCTE AFB170008 (CN, EP), the Wild Felid Association (IS), Fondo Interno UNAB DI‐778‐15/R (JM), Morris Animal Foundation D16Z‐825 (JM), and CONICYT FONDECYT Regular 1161593 (JM, CN).
Publisher Copyright:
© 2020 Wiley-VCH GmbH.
PY - 2021/11
Y1 - 2021/11
N2 - Landscape anthropization has been identified as one of the main drivers of pathogen emergence worldwide, facilitating pathogen spillover between domestic species and wildlife. The present study investigated Carnivore protoparvovirus-1 infection using molecular methods in 98 free-ranging wild guignas (Leopardus guigna) and 262 co-occurring owned, free-roaming rural domestic cats. We also assessed landscape anthropization variables as potential drivers of infection. Protoparvovirus DNA was detected in guignas across their entire distribution range, with observed prevalence of 13.3% (real-time PCR) and 9% (conventional PCR) in guignas, and 6.1% (conventional PCR) in cats. Prevalence in guigna did not vary depending on age, sex, study area or landscape variables. Prevalence was higher in juvenile cats (16.7%) than in adults (4.4%). Molecular characterization of the virus by amplification and sequencing of almost the entire vp2 gene (1,746 bp) from one guigna and five domestic cats was achieved, showing genetic similarities to canine parvovirus 2c (CPV-2c) (one guigna and one cat), feline panleukopenia virus (FPV) (one cat), CPV-2 (no subtype identified) (two cats), CPV-2a (one cat). The CVP-2c-like sequence found in a guigna clustered together with domestic cat and dog CPV-2c sequences from South America, suggesting possible spillover from a domestic to a wild species as the origin of infection in guigna. No clinical signs of disease were found in PCR-positive animals except for a CPV-2c-infected guigna, which had haemorrhagic diarrhoea and died a few days after arrival at a wildlife rescue centre. Our findings reveal widespread presence of Carnivore protoparvovirus-1 across the guigna distribution in Chile and suggest that virus transmission potentially occurs from domestic to wild carnivores, causing severe disease and death in susceptible wild guignas.
AB - Landscape anthropization has been identified as one of the main drivers of pathogen emergence worldwide, facilitating pathogen spillover between domestic species and wildlife. The present study investigated Carnivore protoparvovirus-1 infection using molecular methods in 98 free-ranging wild guignas (Leopardus guigna) and 262 co-occurring owned, free-roaming rural domestic cats. We also assessed landscape anthropization variables as potential drivers of infection. Protoparvovirus DNA was detected in guignas across their entire distribution range, with observed prevalence of 13.3% (real-time PCR) and 9% (conventional PCR) in guignas, and 6.1% (conventional PCR) in cats. Prevalence in guigna did not vary depending on age, sex, study area or landscape variables. Prevalence was higher in juvenile cats (16.7%) than in adults (4.4%). Molecular characterization of the virus by amplification and sequencing of almost the entire vp2 gene (1,746 bp) from one guigna and five domestic cats was achieved, showing genetic similarities to canine parvovirus 2c (CPV-2c) (one guigna and one cat), feline panleukopenia virus (FPV) (one cat), CPV-2 (no subtype identified) (two cats), CPV-2a (one cat). The CVP-2c-like sequence found in a guigna clustered together with domestic cat and dog CPV-2c sequences from South America, suggesting possible spillover from a domestic to a wild species as the origin of infection in guigna. No clinical signs of disease were found in PCR-positive animals except for a CPV-2c-infected guigna, which had haemorrhagic diarrhoea and died a few days after arrival at a wildlife rescue centre. Our findings reveal widespread presence of Carnivore protoparvovirus-1 across the guigna distribution in Chile and suggest that virus transmission potentially occurs from domestic to wild carnivores, causing severe disease and death in susceptible wild guignas.
KW - Leopardus guigna
KW - canine parvovirus
KW - domestic cats
KW - feline panleukopenia virus
KW - infectious diseases
KW - landscape drivers
UR - http://www.scopus.com/inward/record.url?scp=85103310324&partnerID=8YFLogxK
UR - http://www.scopus.com/inward/citedby.url?scp=85103310324&partnerID=8YFLogxK
U2 - 10.1111/tbed.13937
DO - 10.1111/tbed.13937
M3 - Article
C2 - 33238057
AN - SCOPUS:85103310324
SN - 1865-1674
VL - 68
SP - 3335
EP - 3348
JO - Transboundary and Emerging Diseases
JF - Transboundary and Emerging Diseases
IS - 6
ER -