TY - JOUR
T1 - Empirical and theoretical conclusions of an analysis of outcomes of HIV-prevention interventions
AU - Albarracín, Dolores
AU - Durantini, Marta R.
AU - Earl, Allison
N1 - Funding Information:
The research was supported by Grant K01-MH01861 from the National Institute of Mental Health and facilitated by grants from the National Institutes of Health (R03-MH58073 and R01-NR08325). We thank Jeffrey Gillette, Laura R. Glasman, Ringo Ho, Cynthia Klein, Penny S. McNatt, Amy L. Mitchell, G. Tarcan Kumkale, and Ece Kumkale for their invaluable contributions and assistance. We thank Joel B. Cohen for comments on an earlier version of this manuscript.
PY - 2006/4
Y1 - 2006/4
N2 - Over two decades of HIV-prevention attempts have generated a most impressive ecological data set for the test of behavioral-change and persuasion theories in the domain of condom use. An analysis of this evidence has yielded five important empirical and theoretical conclusions. First, interventions are more successful at achieving immediate knowledge and motivational change, than they are at achieving immediate behavioral change. Second, the immediate motivational change decays over time, whereas behavior change increases over the same period. Third, interventions that engage audiences in particular activities, such as role-playing condom use, are more effective than presentations of materials to passive audiences. Fourth, interventions consistent with the theories of reasoned action and planned behavior, with self-efficacy models, and with information-motivation and behavioral-skills models prove effective, whereas interventions designed to induce fear do not. Fifth, expert intervention facilitators are more effective than lay community members in almost all cases. When populations are unempowered, expert facilitators are particularly effective, and they are most effective if they also share the gender and ethnicity of the target audience. Copyright @ 2006 Association for Psychological Science.
AB - Over two decades of HIV-prevention attempts have generated a most impressive ecological data set for the test of behavioral-change and persuasion theories in the domain of condom use. An analysis of this evidence has yielded five important empirical and theoretical conclusions. First, interventions are more successful at achieving immediate knowledge and motivational change, than they are at achieving immediate behavioral change. Second, the immediate motivational change decays over time, whereas behavior change increases over the same period. Third, interventions that engage audiences in particular activities, such as role-playing condom use, are more effective than presentations of materials to passive audiences. Fourth, interventions consistent with the theories of reasoned action and planned behavior, with self-efficacy models, and with information-motivation and behavioral-skills models prove effective, whereas interventions designed to induce fear do not. Fifth, expert intervention facilitators are more effective than lay community members in almost all cases. When populations are unempowered, expert facilitators are particularly effective, and they are most effective if they also share the gender and ethnicity of the target audience. Copyright @ 2006 Association for Psychological Science.
KW - Attitude change
KW - Behavior change
KW - HIV
KW - Health promotion
KW - Persuasion
KW - Source effects
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U2 - 10.1111/j.0963-7214.2006.00410.x
DO - 10.1111/j.0963-7214.2006.00410.x
M3 - Article
AN - SCOPUS:33646716239
SN - 0963-7214
VL - 15
SP - 73
EP - 78
JO - Current Directions in Psychological Science
JF - Current Directions in Psychological Science
IS - 2
ER -