TY - JOUR
T1 - Effects of perinatal exposure to phthalates and a high-fat diet on maternal behavior and pup development and social play
AU - Kougias, Daniel G.
AU - Cortes, Laura R.
AU - Moody, Laura
AU - Rhoads, Steven
AU - Pan, Yuan Xiang
AU - Juraska, Janice M.
N1 - Publisher Copyright:
© 2018 Endocrine Societ.
PY - 2018/2
Y1 - 2018/2
N2 - Humans are ubiquitously exposed to many phthalates, a class of endocrine-disrupting chemicals commonly used in many consumer goods, and diet, especially fatty food, is presumed to be a major source of exposure. Here, we use a rat model of human prenatal exposure to investigate the potential interactive effects of an environmentally relevant mixture of phthalates and a maternal high-fat diet (HFD). From gestation through postnatal day (P)10, dams consumed the mixture of phthalates (0, 200, or 1000 mg/kg/d) and were fed a control diet or HFD. In males, perinatal exposure to the mixture of phthalates decreased prepubertal body weight and, in a dose-specific manner, periadolescent social play behavior. Adose-specific effect from phthalates with HFD was also seen in increased time alone in females during social play. HFD resulted in dams consuming more calories, having greater gestational weight gain, and licking and nursing their pups more, such that an early postnatal HFD generally increased pup body weight. There also was a tendency for increased oxidative stress markers at P10 within the medial prefrontal cortex of males exposed to the relatively high dose of phthalates and HFD. Effects on gene expression were inconsistent at P10 and P90 in both the medial prefrontal cortex and hypothalamus. Overall, this study demonstrates that phthalates and a maternal HFD only rarely interacted, except in oxidative stress markers in males. Additionally, perinatal exposure to an environmentally relevant mixture of phthalates can have a modest, but lasting, impact on social behaviors in both males and females. (Endocrinology 159: 1088-1105, 2018).
AB - Humans are ubiquitously exposed to many phthalates, a class of endocrine-disrupting chemicals commonly used in many consumer goods, and diet, especially fatty food, is presumed to be a major source of exposure. Here, we use a rat model of human prenatal exposure to investigate the potential interactive effects of an environmentally relevant mixture of phthalates and a maternal high-fat diet (HFD). From gestation through postnatal day (P)10, dams consumed the mixture of phthalates (0, 200, or 1000 mg/kg/d) and were fed a control diet or HFD. In males, perinatal exposure to the mixture of phthalates decreased prepubertal body weight and, in a dose-specific manner, periadolescent social play behavior. Adose-specific effect from phthalates with HFD was also seen in increased time alone in females during social play. HFD resulted in dams consuming more calories, having greater gestational weight gain, and licking and nursing their pups more, such that an early postnatal HFD generally increased pup body weight. There also was a tendency for increased oxidative stress markers at P10 within the medial prefrontal cortex of males exposed to the relatively high dose of phthalates and HFD. Effects on gene expression were inconsistent at P10 and P90 in both the medial prefrontal cortex and hypothalamus. Overall, this study demonstrates that phthalates and a maternal HFD only rarely interacted, except in oxidative stress markers in males. Additionally, perinatal exposure to an environmentally relevant mixture of phthalates can have a modest, but lasting, impact on social behaviors in both males and females. (Endocrinology 159: 1088-1105, 2018).
UR - http://www.scopus.com/inward/record.url?scp=85042077459&partnerID=8YFLogxK
UR - http://www.scopus.com/inward/citedby.url?scp=85042077459&partnerID=8YFLogxK
U2 - 10.1210/en.2017-03047
DO - 10.1210/en.2017-03047
M3 - Article
C2 - 29300916
AN - SCOPUS:85042077459
SN - 0013-7227
VL - 159
SP - 1088
EP - 1105
JO - Endocrinology
JF - Endocrinology
IS - 2
ER -