TY - JOUR
T1 - Effects of dietary vitamin B1 (thiamine) and magnesium on the survival, growth and histological indicators in lake trout (Salvelinus namaycush) juveniles
AU - Lee, Bong Joo
AU - Jaroszewska, Marta
AU - Dabrowski, Konrad
AU - Czesny, Sergiusz
AU - Rinchard, Jacques
N1 - Funding Information:
This study is dedicated to the memory of Dr. Marta Jaroszewska. This project was supported by the Great Lakes Fishery Commission via the University of Illinois, Champaign, IL, USA.
PY - 2012/7
Y1 - 2012/7
N2 - An interaction of two essential nutrients, thiamine and magnesium (Mg) has been documented in . in vitro and . in vivo studies in mammalian metabolism. However, the role of this association in poikilothermic vertebrates, such as fish, remains elusive. The purpose of this study was first to investigate the effects of dietary thiamine and Mg, and their interaction in lake trout and second to better understand the mechanism leading to early mortality syndrome (EMS), which is caused by a low thiamine level in embryos of many species of salmonids in the wild. Semi-purified diets (SPD) were prepared to accomplish 2. ×. 2 factorial design that were either devoid of or supplemented with thiamine mononitrate (20. mg/kg diet), magnesium oxide (700. mg/kg diet), or both. Lake trout alevins at the swim-up stage were fed for 10. wk one of the SPD diets or a commercial diet at the same rate (2.0-1.5%) based on recorded biomass. Our results showed that the concentrations of thiamine in the trunk muscle and Mg of whole body were closely associated with the dietary level of two nutrients. The interaction of low dietary Mg and thiamine resulted in apparently worsened overt symptoms of thiamine deficiency in lake trout leading to a higher mortality of fish during the seven week long trial (. P<. 0.05). The fish fed a thiamine-devoid and Mg-supplemented diet were presumed to survive longer (10. wk) than the fish fed diets devoid of both nutrients (discontinued after 7th wk due to high mortality). However, we did not observe histopathological changes in the brain and liver corresponding to thiamine concentrations in tissues. These data suggest that Mg enhanced utilization of the thiamine remaining in the fish body and its interdependence was consistent with observations in mammals. EMS severity might be worsened when Mg is deficient in parental diets (and consequently in yolk sac) and/or first feed.
AB - An interaction of two essential nutrients, thiamine and magnesium (Mg) has been documented in . in vitro and . in vivo studies in mammalian metabolism. However, the role of this association in poikilothermic vertebrates, such as fish, remains elusive. The purpose of this study was first to investigate the effects of dietary thiamine and Mg, and their interaction in lake trout and second to better understand the mechanism leading to early mortality syndrome (EMS), which is caused by a low thiamine level in embryos of many species of salmonids in the wild. Semi-purified diets (SPD) were prepared to accomplish 2. ×. 2 factorial design that were either devoid of or supplemented with thiamine mononitrate (20. mg/kg diet), magnesium oxide (700. mg/kg diet), or both. Lake trout alevins at the swim-up stage were fed for 10. wk one of the SPD diets or a commercial diet at the same rate (2.0-1.5%) based on recorded biomass. Our results showed that the concentrations of thiamine in the trunk muscle and Mg of whole body were closely associated with the dietary level of two nutrients. The interaction of low dietary Mg and thiamine resulted in apparently worsened overt symptoms of thiamine deficiency in lake trout leading to a higher mortality of fish during the seven week long trial (. P<. 0.05). The fish fed a thiamine-devoid and Mg-supplemented diet were presumed to survive longer (10. wk) than the fish fed diets devoid of both nutrients (discontinued after 7th wk due to high mortality). However, we did not observe histopathological changes in the brain and liver corresponding to thiamine concentrations in tissues. These data suggest that Mg enhanced utilization of the thiamine remaining in the fish body and its interdependence was consistent with observations in mammals. EMS severity might be worsened when Mg is deficient in parental diets (and consequently in yolk sac) and/or first feed.
KW - Early mortality syndrome (EMS)
KW - Lake trout
KW - Magnesium
KW - Thiamine
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U2 - 10.1016/j.cbpa.2012.03.008
DO - 10.1016/j.cbpa.2012.03.008
M3 - Article
C2 - 22456309
AN - SCOPUS:84860432468
SN - 1095-6433
VL - 162
SP - 219
EP - 226
JO - Comparative Biochemistry and Physiology - A Molecular and Integrative Physiology
JF - Comparative Biochemistry and Physiology - A Molecular and Integrative Physiology
IS - 3
ER -