@article{76267cba7f834be9bde14ecd17ce40b9,
title = "Effect of the Backbone Tether on the Electrochemical Properties of Soluble Cyclopropenium Redox-Active Polymers",
abstract = "Few reports to date have focused on the chemical and electrochemical reversibility of redox pendants assembled into soluble redox-active polymers (RAPs). Here we report a series of soluble RAPs for flow battery applications designed with cyclopropenium (CP) pendants. The tether length between CP and a polystyrene backbone was varied and found to influence electrochemical activity and stability. Different tether lengths of x methylene groups (x = 1-7) were simulated, and x = 1, 5, and 7 were synthesized to evaluate experimentally. This study illustrates that polymers with extended tether groups display an improved reversibility in cyclic voltammetry. The behavior is mirrored in the stability of the charged state tested in galvanostatic half-cells. When paired with a viologen polymer, these CP-based polymers produce a 1.55 V nonaqueous flow battery. The capacity decays for the polymers were structure-dependent, which provides empirical insight into materials design for high potential catholyte polymers.",
author = "Montoto, {Elena C.} and Yu Cao and Kenneth Hern{\'a}ndez-Burgos and Sevov, {Christo S.} and Braten, {Miles N.} and Helms, {Brett A.} and Moore, {Jeffrey S.} and Joaqu{\'i}n Rodr{\'i}guez-L{\'o}pez",
note = "Funding Information: This work was supported as part of the Joint Center for Energy Storage Research (JCESR), an Energy Innovation Hub funded by the U.S. Department of Energy, Office of Science, Basic Energy Sciences. We acknowledge the JCESR Flow Chemistry Sprint team{\textquoteright}s efforts in the development of the “prototyping everywhere” cell (Gen 1 Cell) used in this work led by Prof. Fikile Brushett as well as input from Prof. Melanie Sanford. We thank the Computational Chemistry Research Laboratory at the School of Chemical Sciences of the University of Illinois at Urbana−Champaign for their support in computations. E.C.M. acknowledges support by the Ford Foundation Fellowship Program. K.H.B. gratefully acknowledges the Beckman Institute Postdoctoral Fellowship at the University of Illinois at Urbana− Champaign, with funding provided by the Arnold and Mabel Beckman Foundation. J.R.L acknowledges additional support from the Sloan Research Fellowship. Portions of this work, including PIM-coated separator preparation and characterization, were carried out as user projects at the Molecular Foundry, which is supported by the Office of Science, Office of Basic Energy Sciences of the U.S. Department of Energy under Contract DE-AC02-05CH11231. Publisher Copyright: Copyright {\textcopyright} 2018 American Chemical Society. Copyright: Copyright 2018 Elsevier B.V., All rights reserved.",
year = "2018",
month = may,
day = "22",
doi = "10.1021/acs.macromol.8b00574",
language = "English (US)",
volume = "51",
pages = "3539--3546",
journal = "Macromolecules",
issn = "0024-9297",
publisher = "American Chemical Society",
number = "10",
}