TY - JOUR
T1 - Effect of Biomass Burning, Diwali Fireworks, and Polluted Fog Events on the Oxidative Potential of Fine Ambient Particulate Matter in Delhi, India
AU - Puthussery, Joseph V.
AU - Dave, Jay
AU - Shukla, Ashutosh
AU - Gaddamidi, Sreenivas
AU - Singh, Atinderpal
AU - Vats, Pawan
AU - Salana, Sudheer
AU - Ganguly, Dilip
AU - Rastogi, Neeraj
AU - Tripathi, Sachchida Nand
AU - Verma, Vishal
N1 - Funding Information:
JVP and ROS sampling was supported by V.V.’s startup fund from the Department of Civil and Environmental Engineering (UIUC). S.N.T. was financially supported by the Department of Biotechnology, Government of India, grant: BT/IN/UK/APHH/41/KB/2016–17 and by the Central Pollution Control Board, Government of India, grant: AQM/Source apportionment EPC Project/2017.
Publisher Copyright:
© 2022 American Chemical Society. All rights reserved.
PY - 2022/10/18
Y1 - 2022/10/18
N2 - We investigated the influence of biomass burning (BURN), Diwali fireworks, and fog events on the ambient fine particulate matter (PM2.5) oxidative potential (OP) during the postmonsoon (PMON) and winter season in Delhi, India. The real-time hourly averaged OP (based on a dithiothreitol assay) and PM2.5chemical composition were measured intermittently from October 2019 to January 2020. The peak extrinsic OP (OPv: normalized by the volume of air) was observed during the winter fog (WFOG) (5.23 ± 4.6 nmol·min-1·m-3), whereas the intrinsic OP (OPm; normalized by the PM2.5mass) was the highest during the Diwali firework-influenced period (29.4 ± 18.48 pmol·min-1·μg-1). Source apportionment analysis using positive matrix factorization revealed that traffic + resuspended dust-related emissions (39%) and secondary sulfate + oxidized organic aerosols (38%) were driving the OPvduring the PMON period, whereas BURN aerosols dominated (37%) the OPvduring the WFOG period. Firework-related emissions became a significant contributor (∼32%) to the OPvduring the Diwali period (4 day period from October 26 to 29), and its contribution peaked (72%) on the night of Diwali. Discerning the influence of seasonal and episodic sources on health-relevant properties of PM2.5, such as OP, could help better understand the causal relationships between PM2.5and health effects in India.
AB - We investigated the influence of biomass burning (BURN), Diwali fireworks, and fog events on the ambient fine particulate matter (PM2.5) oxidative potential (OP) during the postmonsoon (PMON) and winter season in Delhi, India. The real-time hourly averaged OP (based on a dithiothreitol assay) and PM2.5chemical composition were measured intermittently from October 2019 to January 2020. The peak extrinsic OP (OPv: normalized by the volume of air) was observed during the winter fog (WFOG) (5.23 ± 4.6 nmol·min-1·m-3), whereas the intrinsic OP (OPm; normalized by the PM2.5mass) was the highest during the Diwali firework-influenced period (29.4 ± 18.48 pmol·min-1·μg-1). Source apportionment analysis using positive matrix factorization revealed that traffic + resuspended dust-related emissions (39%) and secondary sulfate + oxidized organic aerosols (38%) were driving the OPvduring the PMON period, whereas BURN aerosols dominated (37%) the OPvduring the WFOG period. Firework-related emissions became a significant contributor (∼32%) to the OPvduring the Diwali period (4 day period from October 26 to 29), and its contribution peaked (72%) on the night of Diwali. Discerning the influence of seasonal and episodic sources on health-relevant properties of PM2.5, such as OP, could help better understand the causal relationships between PM2.5and health effects in India.
KW - haze
KW - health effects
KW - megacity
KW - reactive oxygen species
KW - source apportionment
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U2 - 10.1021/acs.est.2c02730
DO - 10.1021/acs.est.2c02730
M3 - Article
C2 - 36153963
AN - SCOPUS:85139248502
SN - 0013-936X
VL - 56
SP - 14605
EP - 14616
JO - Environmental Science and Technology
JF - Environmental Science and Technology
IS - 20
ER -