TY - JOUR
T1 - Effect of Auger Electron-Hole Asymmetry on the Efficiency Droop in InGaN Quantum Well Light-Emitting Diodes
AU - Tsai, Yi Chia
AU - Bayram, Can
AU - Leburton, Jean Pierre
N1 - Funding Information:
his work was supported in part by the National Science Foundation Faculty Early Career Development (CAREER) Program under Award NSF-ECCS-16-52871 and in part by the Computational resources Allocated by the Extreme Science and Engineering Discovery Environment (XSEDE) under Grant TG-DMR180075.
Publisher Copyright:
© 1965-2012 IEEE.
PY - 2022/2/1
Y1 - 2022/2/1
N2 - The effect of Auger electron-hole asymmetry on the efficiency droop in indium gallium nitride quantum well (InGaN-QW) light-emitting diodes (LEDs) is investigated through a new open boundary quantum solver based on variational principles: Open Boundary Quantum LED Simulator (OBQ-LEDsim). OBQ-LEDsim eliminates the need for forcing artificial boundary conditions in LED simulations and features explicit expression of wavefunction with high generality, enabling incorporation of wavefunction penetration into barriers, quantum-confined Stark effects, and excitonic effects. As such, the Auger recombination's primary channel is found to be the hhe Auger recombination because holes are more localized than electrons in the quantum well. Varying the ratio of electron ( C_ n ) to hole ( C_ p ), Auger coefficient C_ n/C_ p , from 0 to ∞ suppresses the hhe Auger recombination, resulting in 25% higher electron and hole sheet charge densities in the LED active layer. This increases carrier screening of the polarization-induced electric fields and weakens quantum-confined Stark effects. One observes a 75% increase in the electron and hole square wavefunction overlap and an 8 nm blueshift in the peak emission wavelength. As a result, the efficiency droop in an InGaN-QW LED is reduced by a factor of 2 when the C_ n/C_ p is increased from 0 to ∞ , whereas the ambipolar Auger coefficient is overestimated by as much as 62% if the Auger electron-hole asymmetry is neglected ( C_ n/C_ p ∼ ~1 ).
AB - The effect of Auger electron-hole asymmetry on the efficiency droop in indium gallium nitride quantum well (InGaN-QW) light-emitting diodes (LEDs) is investigated through a new open boundary quantum solver based on variational principles: Open Boundary Quantum LED Simulator (OBQ-LEDsim). OBQ-LEDsim eliminates the need for forcing artificial boundary conditions in LED simulations and features explicit expression of wavefunction with high generality, enabling incorporation of wavefunction penetration into barriers, quantum-confined Stark effects, and excitonic effects. As such, the Auger recombination's primary channel is found to be the hhe Auger recombination because holes are more localized than electrons in the quantum well. Varying the ratio of electron ( C_ n ) to hole ( C_ p ), Auger coefficient C_ n/C_ p , from 0 to ∞ suppresses the hhe Auger recombination, resulting in 25% higher electron and hole sheet charge densities in the LED active layer. This increases carrier screening of the polarization-induced electric fields and weakens quantum-confined Stark effects. One observes a 75% increase in the electron and hole square wavefunction overlap and an 8 nm blueshift in the peak emission wavelength. As a result, the efficiency droop in an InGaN-QW LED is reduced by a factor of 2 when the C_ n/C_ p is increased from 0 to ∞ , whereas the ambipolar Auger coefficient is overestimated by as much as 62% if the Auger electron-hole asymmetry is neglected ( C_ n/C_ p ∼ ~1 ).
KW - Auger
KW - GaN
KW - light-emitting diode
KW - variational principles
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U2 - 10.1109/JQE.2021.3137822
DO - 10.1109/JQE.2021.3137822
M3 - Article
AN - SCOPUS:85122066882
SN - 0018-9197
VL - 58
JO - IEEE Journal of Quantum Electronics
JF - IEEE Journal of Quantum Electronics
IS - 1
ER -