TY - JOUR
T1 - Early speech rate development
T2 - A longitudinal study
AU - Tendera, Anna
AU - Rispoli, Matthew
AU - Sethilselvan, Ambikaipakan
AU - Loucks, Torrey M.
N1 - Funding Information:
Participants in the current study are a subset of the 42 typically developing, monolingual, English-speaking children from the Growth of Tense project at the University of Illinois (National Science Foundation Grant BCS-082251; Rispoli & Hadley, 2013). See Hadley, Rispoli, Holt, Fitzgerald, and Bahnsen (2014) for the inclusion and exclusion criteria. Potential participants were selected based on having scores on the MacArthur–Bates Communicative Development Inventories: Words and Sentences (Fenson, Marchman, Thal, Dale, Reznick, & Bates, 2007) between the 16th and 84th percentile at age 2;0. Twelve participants from that group were selected because their language samples at age 2;0 included a minimum of 10 active declarative sentences needed to calculate speech rate.
Funding Information:
Research reported in this publication was supported by the National Science Foundation Grant BCS-082251 awarded to the second author (Matthew Rispoli). The content is solely the responsibility of the authors and does not necessarily represent the official views of the National Science Foundation. The authors would like to thank the children and their families who participated in this research and the graduate and undergraduate students at the University of Illinois at Urbana-Champaign who assisted with data collection and data preprocessing.
Publisher Copyright:
© 2019 American Speech-Language-Hearing Association.
PY - 2019/12
Y1 - 2019/12
N2 - Purpose: Our knowledge of speech rate development remains inadequate because of limited longitudinal data and lack of data from children under age 3;0 (years;months). The purpose of this longitudinal study was to test the pattern of speech rate development between ages 2;0 and 3;0. Method: Speech rate was assessed at 4 time points between ages 2;0 and 3;0. The analysis employed multilevel models to characterize the development of speech rate (syllables per second), phonemes per second (PPS), length of active declarative sentences, and mean length of utterance. Results: The results indicate a significant linear increase in speech rate, PPS, length of active declarative sentences, and mean length of utterance occurring over the 1-year period. Male and female children differed in speech rate, PPS, and utterance length, suggesting sex is a potential factor in early speech rate development. Conclusions: Our findings indicate that the speech motor system develops rapidly during the period when grammar emerges. Speech rate has the potential to be an important metric for understanding typical speech development and speech disorders.
AB - Purpose: Our knowledge of speech rate development remains inadequate because of limited longitudinal data and lack of data from children under age 3;0 (years;months). The purpose of this longitudinal study was to test the pattern of speech rate development between ages 2;0 and 3;0. Method: Speech rate was assessed at 4 time points between ages 2;0 and 3;0. The analysis employed multilevel models to characterize the development of speech rate (syllables per second), phonemes per second (PPS), length of active declarative sentences, and mean length of utterance. Results: The results indicate a significant linear increase in speech rate, PPS, length of active declarative sentences, and mean length of utterance occurring over the 1-year period. Male and female children differed in speech rate, PPS, and utterance length, suggesting sex is a potential factor in early speech rate development. Conclusions: Our findings indicate that the speech motor system develops rapidly during the period when grammar emerges. Speech rate has the potential to be an important metric for understanding typical speech development and speech disorders.
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U2 - 10.1044/2019_JSLHR-19-00145
DO - 10.1044/2019_JSLHR-19-00145
M3 - Article
C2 - 31830834
AN - SCOPUS:85077016810
VL - 62
SP - 4370
EP - 4381
JO - Journal of Speech and Hearing Disorders
JF - Journal of Speech and Hearing Disorders
SN - 1092-4388
IS - 12
ER -