Abstract
We present observations of the Class 0 protostar IRAS 16544-1604 in CB 68 from the “Early Planet Formation in Embedded Disks (eDisk)” ALMA Large program. The ALMA observations target continuum and lines at 1.3 mm with an angular resolution of ∼5 au. The continuum image reveals a dusty protostellar disk with a radius of ∼30 au seen close to edge-on and asymmetric structures along both the major and minor axes. While the asymmetry along the minor axis can be interpreted as the effect of the dust flaring, the asymmetry along the major axis comes from a real nonaxisymmetric structure. The C18O image cubes clearly show the gas in the disk that follows a Keplerian rotation pattern around a ∼0.14 M ⊙ central protostar. Furthermore, there are ∼1500 au scale streamer-like features of gas connecting from northeast, north-northwest, and northwest to the disk, as well as the bending outflow as seen in the 12CO (2-1) emission. At the apparent landing point of the NE streamer, there is SO (65-54) and SiO (5-4) emission detected. The spatial and velocity structure of the NE streamer can be interpreted as a free-falling gas with a conserved specific angular momentum, and the detection of the SO and SiO emission at the tip of the streamer implies the presence of accretion shocks. Our eDisk observations have unveiled that the Class 0 protostar in CB 68 has a Keplerian-rotating disk with a flaring and nonaxisymmetric structure associated with accretion streamers and outflows.
Original language | English (US) |
---|---|
Article number | 190 |
Journal | Astrophysical Journal |
Volume | 953 |
Issue number | 2 |
DOIs | |
State | Published - Aug 1 2023 |
ASJC Scopus subject areas
- Astronomy and Astrophysics
- Space and Planetary Science
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In: Astrophysical Journal, Vol. 953, No. 2, 190, 01.08.2023.
Research output: Contribution to journal › Article › peer-review
}
TY - JOUR
T1 - Early Planet Formation in Embedded Disks (eDisk). VII. Keplerian Disk, Disk Substructure, and Accretion Streamers in the Class 0 Protostar IRAS 16544-1604 in CB 68
AU - Kido, Miyu
AU - Takakuwa, Shigehisa
AU - Saigo, Kazuya
AU - Ohashi, Nagayoshi
AU - Tobin, John J.
AU - Jørgensen, Jes K.
AU - Aikawa, Yuri
AU - Aso, Yusuke
AU - Encalada, Frankie J.
AU - Flores, Christian
AU - Gavino, Sacha
AU - de Gregorio-Monsalvo, Itziar
AU - Han, Ilseung
AU - Hirano, Shingo
AU - Koch, Patrick M.
AU - Kwon, Woojin
AU - Lai, Shih Ping
AU - Lee, Chang Won
AU - Lee, Jeong Eun
AU - Li, Zhi Yun
AU - Lin, Zhe Yu Daniel
AU - Looney, Leslie W.
AU - Mori, Shoji
AU - Narayanan, Suchitra
AU - Plunkett, Adele L.
AU - Phuong, Nguyen Thi
AU - Sai, Jinshi
AU - Santamaría-Miranda, Alejandro
AU - Sharma, Rajeeb
AU - Sheehan, Patrick D.
AU - Thieme, Travis J.
AU - Tomida, Kengo
AU - van ’t Hoff, Merel L.R.
AU - Williams, Jonathan P.
AU - Yamato, Yoshihide
AU - Yen, Hsi Wei
N1 - We are grateful to N. Harada and M. Omura for technical assistance with the Python codes. We would like to thank all the ALMA staff supporting this work. M.K. is supported by the ALMA Japan Research Grant of NAOJ ALMA Project, NAOJ-ALMA-292. S.T. is supported by JSPS KAKENHI grant Nos. 21H00048 and 21H04495 and by NAOJ ALMA Scientific Research grant No. 2022-20A. K.S. is supported by JSPS KAKENHI grant No. 21H04495. N.O. and C.F. acknowledge support from National Science and Technology Council (NSTC) in Taiwan through grants NSTC 109-2112-M-001-051 and 110-2112-M-001-031. J.J.T. acknowledges support from NASA RP 80NSSC22K1159. J.K.J. acknowledges support from the Independent Research Fund Denmark (grant No. 0135-00123B). Y.A. acknowledges support by NAOJ ALMA Scientific Research Grant code 2019-13B, Grant-in-Aid for Scientific Research (S) 18H05222, and Grant-in-Aid for Transformative Research Areas (A) 20H05844 and 20H05847. F.J.E. acknowledges support from NSF AST-2108794. S.G. acknowledges support from the Independent Research Fund Denmark (grant No. 0135-00123B). I.D.G.-M. acknowledges support from grant PID2020-114461GB-I00, funded by MCIN/AEI/10.13039/501100011033. P.M.K. acknowledges support from NSTC 108-2112-M-001-012, NSTC 109-2112-M-001-022, and NSTC 110-2112-M-001-057. W.K. was supported by the National Research Foundation of Korea (NRF) grant funded by the Korea government (MSIT) (NRF-2021R1F1A1061794). S.-P.L. and T.J.T. acknowledge grants from the NSTC of Taiwan 106-2119-M-007-021-MY3 and 109-2112-M-007-010-MY3. C.W.L. is supported by the Basic Science Research Program through the NRF funded by the Ministry of Education, Science and Technology (NRF-2019R1A2C1010851) and by the Korea Astronomy and Space Science Institute grant funded by the Korea government (MSIT; project No. 2022-1-840-05). J.-E.L. is supported by the NRF grant funded by the Korean government (MSIT; grant No. 2021R1A2C1011718). Z.-Y.L. is supported in part by NASA 80NSSC20K0533 and NSF AST-1910106. Z.-Y.D.L. acknowledges support from NASA 80NSSCK1095, the Jefferson Scholars Foundation, the NRAO ALMA Student Observing Support (SOS) SOSPA8-003, the Achievements Rewards for College Scientists (ARCS) Foundation Washington Chapter, the Virginia Space Grant Consortium (VSGC), and UVA research computing (RIVANNA). L.W.L. acknowledges support from NSF AST-2108794. S.M. is supported by JSPS KAKENHI grant Nos. JP21J00086 and 22K14081. S.N. acknowledges support from the National Science Foundation through the Graduate Research Fellowship Program under grant No. 2236415 and from NSF AST-2107841. R.S. acknowledges support from the Independent Research Fund Denmark (grant No. 0135-00123B). P.D.S. acknowledges support from NSF AST-2001830 and NSF AST-2107784. M.L.R.H. acknowledges support from the Michigan Society of Fellows. J.P.W. acknowledges support from NSF AST-2107841. Y.Y. is supported by the International Graduate Program for Excellence in Earth-Space Science (IGPEES), World-leading Innovative Graduate Study (WINGS) Program of the University of Tokyo. H.-W.Y. acknowledges support from the NSTC in Taiwan through grant NSTC 110-2628-M-001-003-MY3 and from the Academia Sinica Career Development Award (AS-CDA-111-M03). This paper makes use of the following ALMA data: ADS/JAO.ALMA #2019.1.00261.L and 2019.A.00034.S. ALMA is a partnership of ESO (representing its member states), NSF (USA), and NINS (Japan), together with NRC (Canada), NSTC and ASIAA (Taiwan), and KASI (Republic of Korea), in cooperation with the Republic of Chile. The Joint ALMA Observatory is operated by ESO, AUI/NRAO, and NAOJ. The National Radio Astronomy Observatory is a facility of the National Science Foundation operated under cooperative agreement by Associated Universities, Inc. We are grateful to N. Harada and M. Omura for technical assistance with the Python codes. We would like to thank all the ALMA staff supporting this work. M.K. is supported by the ALMA Japan Research Grant of NAOJ ALMA Project, NAOJ-ALMA-292. S.T. is supported by JSPS KAKENHI grant Nos. 21H00048 and 21H04495 and by NAOJ ALMA Scientific Research grant No. 2022-20A. K.S. is supported by JSPS KAKENHI grant No. 21H04495. N.O. and C.F. acknowledge support from National Science and Technology Council (NSTC) in Taiwan through grants NSTC 109-2112-M-001-051 and 110-2112-M-001-031. J.J.T. acknowledges support from NASA RP 80NSSC22K1159. J.K.J. acknowledges support from the Independent Research Fund Denmark (grant No. 0135-00123B). Y.A. acknowledges support by NAOJ ALMA Scientific Research Grant code 2019-13B, Grant-in-Aid for Scientific Research (S) 18H05222, and Grant-in-Aid for Transformative Research Areas (A) 20H05844 and 20H05847. F.J.E. acknowledges support from NSF AST-2108794. S.G. acknowledges support from the Independent Research Fund Denmark (grant No. 0135-00123B). I.D.G.-M. acknowledges support from grant PID2020-114461GB-I00, funded by MCIN/AEI/10.13039/501100011033. P.M.K. acknowledges support from NSTC 108-2112-M-001-012, NSTC 109-2112-M-001-022, and NSTC 110-2112-M-001-057. W.K. was supported by the National Research Foundation of Korea (NRF) grant funded by the Korea government (MSIT) (NRF-2021R1F1A1061794). S.-P.L. and T.J.T. acknowledge grants from the NSTC of Taiwan 106-2119-M-007-021-MY3 and 109-2112-M-007-010-MY3. C.W.L. is supported by the Basic Science Research Program through the NRF funded by the Ministry of Education, Science and Technology (NRF-2019R1A2C1010851) and by the Korea Astronomy and Space Science Institute grant funded by the Korea government (MSIT; project No. 2022-1-840-05). J.-E.L. is supported by the NRF grant funded by the Korean government (MSIT; grant No. 2021R1A2C1011718). Z.-Y.L. is supported in part by NASA 80NSSC20K0533 and NSF AST-1910106. Z.-Y.D.L. acknowledges support from NASA 80NSSCK1095, the Jefferson Scholars Foundation, the NRAO ALMA Student Observing Support (SOS) SOSPA8-003, the Achievements Rewards for College Scientists (ARCS) Foundation Washington Chapter, the Virginia Space Grant Consortium (VSGC), and UVA research computing (RIVANNA). L.W.L. acknowledges support from NSF AST-2108794. S.M. is supported by JSPS KAKENHI grant Nos. JP21J00086 and 22K14081. S.N. acknowledges support from the National Science Foundation through the Graduate Research Fellowship Program under grant No. 2236415 and from NSF AST-2107841. R.S. acknowledges support from the Independent Research Fund Denmark (grant No. 0135-00123B). P.D.S. acknowledges support from NSF AST-2001830 and NSF AST-2107784. M.L.R.H. acknowledges support from the Michigan Society of Fellows. J.P.W. acknowledges support from NSF AST-2107841. Y.Y. is supported by the International Graduate Program for Excellence in Earth-Space Science (IGPEES), World-leading Innovative Graduate Study (WINGS) Program of the University of Tokyo. H.-W.Y. acknowledges support from the NSTC in Taiwan through grant NSTC 110-2628-M-001-003-MY3 and from the Academia Sinica Career Development Award (AS-CDA-111-M03). This paper makes use of the following ALMA data: ADS/JAO.ALMA #2019.1.00261.L and 2019.A.00034.S. ALMA is a partnership of ESO (representing its member states), NSF (USA), and NINS (Japan), together with NRC (Canada), NSTC and ASIAA (Taiwan), and KASI (Republic of Korea), in cooperation with the Republic of Chile. The Joint ALMA Observatory is operated by ESO, AUI/NRAO, and NAOJ. The National Radio Astronomy Observatory is a facility of the National Science Foundation operated under cooperative agreement by Associated Universities, Inc.
PY - 2023/8/1
Y1 - 2023/8/1
N2 - We present observations of the Class 0 protostar IRAS 16544-1604 in CB 68 from the “Early Planet Formation in Embedded Disks (eDisk)” ALMA Large program. The ALMA observations target continuum and lines at 1.3 mm with an angular resolution of ∼5 au. The continuum image reveals a dusty protostellar disk with a radius of ∼30 au seen close to edge-on and asymmetric structures along both the major and minor axes. While the asymmetry along the minor axis can be interpreted as the effect of the dust flaring, the asymmetry along the major axis comes from a real nonaxisymmetric structure. The C18O image cubes clearly show the gas in the disk that follows a Keplerian rotation pattern around a ∼0.14 M ⊙ central protostar. Furthermore, there are ∼1500 au scale streamer-like features of gas connecting from northeast, north-northwest, and northwest to the disk, as well as the bending outflow as seen in the 12CO (2-1) emission. At the apparent landing point of the NE streamer, there is SO (65-54) and SiO (5-4) emission detected. The spatial and velocity structure of the NE streamer can be interpreted as a free-falling gas with a conserved specific angular momentum, and the detection of the SO and SiO emission at the tip of the streamer implies the presence of accretion shocks. Our eDisk observations have unveiled that the Class 0 protostar in CB 68 has a Keplerian-rotating disk with a flaring and nonaxisymmetric structure associated with accretion streamers and outflows.
AB - We present observations of the Class 0 protostar IRAS 16544-1604 in CB 68 from the “Early Planet Formation in Embedded Disks (eDisk)” ALMA Large program. The ALMA observations target continuum and lines at 1.3 mm with an angular resolution of ∼5 au. The continuum image reveals a dusty protostellar disk with a radius of ∼30 au seen close to edge-on and asymmetric structures along both the major and minor axes. While the asymmetry along the minor axis can be interpreted as the effect of the dust flaring, the asymmetry along the major axis comes from a real nonaxisymmetric structure. The C18O image cubes clearly show the gas in the disk that follows a Keplerian rotation pattern around a ∼0.14 M ⊙ central protostar. Furthermore, there are ∼1500 au scale streamer-like features of gas connecting from northeast, north-northwest, and northwest to the disk, as well as the bending outflow as seen in the 12CO (2-1) emission. At the apparent landing point of the NE streamer, there is SO (65-54) and SiO (5-4) emission detected. The spatial and velocity structure of the NE streamer can be interpreted as a free-falling gas with a conserved specific angular momentum, and the detection of the SO and SiO emission at the tip of the streamer implies the presence of accretion shocks. Our eDisk observations have unveiled that the Class 0 protostar in CB 68 has a Keplerian-rotating disk with a flaring and nonaxisymmetric structure associated with accretion streamers and outflows.
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UR - http://www.scopus.com/inward/citedby.url?scp=85163888997&partnerID=8YFLogxK
U2 - 10.3847/1538-4357/acdd7a
DO - 10.3847/1538-4357/acdd7a
M3 - Article
AN - SCOPUS:85163888997
SN - 0004-637X
VL - 953
JO - Astrophysical Journal
JF - Astrophysical Journal
IS - 2
M1 - 190
ER -