Drainage capacity of stone columns or gravel drains for mitigating liquefaction

The drainage capacity of stone columns or gravel drains for mitigating liquefaction hazards is evaluated. Recent construction experiences show that the effective permeability of a stone column is greatly affected by construction procedures. Recent improvements in the analysis of drainage columns show that the pioneering work of Seed and Booker, still widely referenced in U.S. practice, greatly underestimates the detrimental effects of vertical drain resistance. These and other aspects related to the drainage capacity of stone columns or gravel drains are discussed.