TY - JOUR
T1 - Divergent phenotypic recurrent selection for nitrate reductase activity in maize. II. efficient use of fertilizer Nitrogen
AU - Eichelberger, K. D.
AU - Lambert, R. J.
AU - Below, F. E.
AU - Hageman, R. H.
N1 - Publisher Copyright:
© 1989, Crop Science Society of America. All rights reserved.
PY - 1989
Y1 - 1989
N2 - Improving the efficiency of absorption and utilization of soil-applied N by maize (Zea mays L.) cultivars should be an important goal of maize breeders. This study was conducted to determine the relationship between nitrate reductase activity (NRA) and reduced N, N harvest index, N uptake, N utilization, N-use efficiency and grain N accumulation of maize. Eight cycles of divergent phenotypic recurrent selection for high and low levels of postanthesis leaf-lamina NRA were completed in the maize synthetic Super Stiff Stalk (BSSS). Cycles 0, 3, and 6 of the high and low NRA strains were grown at N rates of 112, 224, and 336 kg ha−1 in 1983, 1984, and 1985 at Urbana, IL, and were evaluated for the above N traits. The 1985 experiment included Cycle 8 high and low NRA. Selection for high NRA had little effect on the N traits evaluated. In contrast, selection for low NRA resulted in significant reductions for many of the N traits examined. Reductions in grain N content for Cycle 8 low NRA were 9, 21, and 19% with 112, 224, 336 kg N ha−1, respectively, relative to Cycle 0, were observed. Nitrogen-use efficiency of Cycle 8 low NRA decreased 21, 16, and 13%, relative to Cycle 0, at the three respective N rates. These results indicate selection for low NRA has adversely affected nitrate metabolism in this population, resulting in lower grain N production and less-efficient use of soil-applied N to produce grain.
AB - Improving the efficiency of absorption and utilization of soil-applied N by maize (Zea mays L.) cultivars should be an important goal of maize breeders. This study was conducted to determine the relationship between nitrate reductase activity (NRA) and reduced N, N harvest index, N uptake, N utilization, N-use efficiency and grain N accumulation of maize. Eight cycles of divergent phenotypic recurrent selection for high and low levels of postanthesis leaf-lamina NRA were completed in the maize synthetic Super Stiff Stalk (BSSS). Cycles 0, 3, and 6 of the high and low NRA strains were grown at N rates of 112, 224, and 336 kg ha−1 in 1983, 1984, and 1985 at Urbana, IL, and were evaluated for the above N traits. The 1985 experiment included Cycle 8 high and low NRA. Selection for high NRA had little effect on the N traits evaluated. In contrast, selection for low NRA resulted in significant reductions for many of the N traits examined. Reductions in grain N content for Cycle 8 low NRA were 9, 21, and 19% with 112, 224, 336 kg N ha−1, respectively, relative to Cycle 0, were observed. Nitrogen-use efficiency of Cycle 8 low NRA decreased 21, 16, and 13%, relative to Cycle 0, at the three respective N rates. These results indicate selection for low NRA has adversely affected nitrate metabolism in this population, resulting in lower grain N production and less-efficient use of soil-applied N to produce grain.
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U2 - 10.2135/cropsci1989.0011183X002900060013x
DO - 10.2135/cropsci1989.0011183X002900060013x
M3 - Article
AN - SCOPUS:0004564195
SN - 0011-183X
VL - 29
SP - 1398
EP - 1402
JO - Crop Science
JF - Crop Science
IS - 6
ER -