Abstract
When compared to other hominids-great apes including humans-the human pelvis reveals a fundamental reorganization of bony morphology comprised of multiple trait-level changes, many of which are associated with bipedal locomotion. Establishing how patterns of integration-correlations and covariances among traits-within the pelvis have evolved in concert with morphology is essential to explaining this evolutionary transition because integration may facilitate or constrain morphological evolution. Here, we show that the human hip bone has significantly lower levels of integration and constraint overall when compared to other hominids, that the focus of these changes is on traits hypothesized to play major functional roles in bipedalism, and we provide evidence that the human hip was reintegrated in a pattern distinct from other members of this group. Additionally, the evolutionary transition from a nonhuman great ape-like to human hip bone morphology was significantly easier to traverse using the human integration pattern in each comparison, which suggests hominin patterns may have evolved to facilitate this transition. Our results suggest natural selection for bipedalism broke down earlier hominid integration patterns, allowing relevant traits to respond to separate selection pressures to a greater extent than was previously possible, and reintegrated traits in a way that could have facilitated evolution along the vector specifying ancestral hominid and hominin morphological differences.
| Original language | English (US) |
|---|---|
| Pages (from-to) | 1336-1356 |
| Number of pages | 21 |
| Journal | Evolution |
| Volume | 65 |
| Issue number | 5 |
| DOIs | |
| State | Published - May 1 2011 |
Fingerprint
Keywords
- Adaptation
- Morphological evolution
- Pleiotropy
- Selection-natural
- Variation
ASJC Scopus subject areas
- Ecology, Evolution, Behavior and Systematics
- Genetics
- Agricultural and Biological Sciences(all)
Cite this
Divergent patterns of integration and reduced constraint in the human hip and the origins of bipedalism. / Grabowski, Mark W.; Polk, John D.; Roseman, Charles C.
In: Evolution, Vol. 65, No. 5, 01.05.2011, p. 1336-1356.Research output: Contribution to journal › Article
}
TY - JOUR
T1 - Divergent patterns of integration and reduced constraint in the human hip and the origins of bipedalism
AU - Grabowski, Mark W.
AU - Polk, John D.
AU - Roseman, Charles C.
PY - 2011/5/1
Y1 - 2011/5/1
N2 - When compared to other hominids-great apes including humans-the human pelvis reveals a fundamental reorganization of bony morphology comprised of multiple trait-level changes, many of which are associated with bipedal locomotion. Establishing how patterns of integration-correlations and covariances among traits-within the pelvis have evolved in concert with morphology is essential to explaining this evolutionary transition because integration may facilitate or constrain morphological evolution. Here, we show that the human hip bone has significantly lower levels of integration and constraint overall when compared to other hominids, that the focus of these changes is on traits hypothesized to play major functional roles in bipedalism, and we provide evidence that the human hip was reintegrated in a pattern distinct from other members of this group. Additionally, the evolutionary transition from a nonhuman great ape-like to human hip bone morphology was significantly easier to traverse using the human integration pattern in each comparison, which suggests hominin patterns may have evolved to facilitate this transition. Our results suggest natural selection for bipedalism broke down earlier hominid integration patterns, allowing relevant traits to respond to separate selection pressures to a greater extent than was previously possible, and reintegrated traits in a way that could have facilitated evolution along the vector specifying ancestral hominid and hominin morphological differences.
AB - When compared to other hominids-great apes including humans-the human pelvis reveals a fundamental reorganization of bony morphology comprised of multiple trait-level changes, many of which are associated with bipedal locomotion. Establishing how patterns of integration-correlations and covariances among traits-within the pelvis have evolved in concert with morphology is essential to explaining this evolutionary transition because integration may facilitate or constrain morphological evolution. Here, we show that the human hip bone has significantly lower levels of integration and constraint overall when compared to other hominids, that the focus of these changes is on traits hypothesized to play major functional roles in bipedalism, and we provide evidence that the human hip was reintegrated in a pattern distinct from other members of this group. Additionally, the evolutionary transition from a nonhuman great ape-like to human hip bone morphology was significantly easier to traverse using the human integration pattern in each comparison, which suggests hominin patterns may have evolved to facilitate this transition. Our results suggest natural selection for bipedalism broke down earlier hominid integration patterns, allowing relevant traits to respond to separate selection pressures to a greater extent than was previously possible, and reintegrated traits in a way that could have facilitated evolution along the vector specifying ancestral hominid and hominin morphological differences.
KW - Adaptation
KW - Morphological evolution
KW - Pleiotropy
KW - Selection-natural
KW - Variation
UR - http://www.scopus.com/inward/record.url?scp=79955137569&partnerID=8YFLogxK
UR - http://www.scopus.com/inward/citedby.url?scp=79955137569&partnerID=8YFLogxK
U2 - 10.1111/j.1558-5646.2011.01226.x
DO - 10.1111/j.1558-5646.2011.01226.x
M3 - Article
C2 - 21521191
AN - SCOPUS:79955137569
VL - 65
SP - 1336
EP - 1356
JO - Evolution; international journal of organic evolution
JF - Evolution; international journal of organic evolution
SN - 0014-3820
IS - 5
ER -