Discounting Counter-Stereotypical Representations in Entertainment Based on Existing Beliefs

Exposure to counter-stereotypical portrayals in entertainment media has been shown to impact attitudes toward marginalized groups in previous studies, which reveal generally positive but sometimes inconsistent effects. To better understand the role of individual differences in these outcomes, this study examines how perceptions of realism, character typicality, and persuasive intent are influenced by existing stereotypical beliefs. Individuals with high gender- and race-related stereotype endorsement about intelligence were found to perceive counter-stereotypical representations of brilliance as externally unrealistic, undermining the potential for portrayals to positively impact attitudes. This relation was mediated by perceptions of character atypicality. The role of persuasive intent in this process remains inconclusive. By elucidating these mechanisms, this research identifies factors that may impede the prosocial impact of media representations in improving attitudes toward stereotyped groups.