TY - JOUR
T1 - Directional modulation technique for phased arrays
AU - Daly, Michael P.
AU - Bernhard, Jennifer T.
N1 - Funding Information:
Manuscript received August 08, 2008; revised April 02, 2009. First published July 07, 2009; current version published September 02, 2009. The work of M. P. Daly was supported by an NDSEG Fellowship. The authors are with the Electromagnetics Laboratory, Department of Electrical and Computer Engineering, University of Illinois at Urbana-Champaign, Urbana, IL 61801 USA (e-mail: [email protected]). Digital Object Identifier 10.1109/TAP.2009.2027047
Funding Information:
Mr. Daly is the recipient of an NDSEG fellowship.
Copyright:
Copyright 2009 Elsevier B.V., All rights reserved.
PY - 2009
Y1 - 2009
N2 - A directional modulation (DM) technique using a phased array to produce the modulation is presented. By phase shifting each element correctly, the desired amplitude and phase of each symbol in a digital modulation scheme can be produced in a given direction with data rates determined by the switching speed of the phase shifters. Because this signal is direction-dependent, the technique offers security, as the signal can be purposely distorted in other directions. DM also enables an array to send independent data in multiple directions. When using an array with driven elements, the phase shifts can be determined from simple calculations rather than time-consuming simulations or measurements. Mathematical analysis and experimental results are presented.
AB - A directional modulation (DM) technique using a phased array to produce the modulation is presented. By phase shifting each element correctly, the desired amplitude and phase of each symbol in a digital modulation scheme can be produced in a given direction with data rates determined by the switching speed of the phase shifters. Because this signal is direction-dependent, the technique offers security, as the signal can be purposely distorted in other directions. DM also enables an array to send independent data in multiple directions. When using an array with driven elements, the phase shifts can be determined from simple calculations rather than time-consuming simulations or measurements. Mathematical analysis and experimental results are presented.
KW - Digital modulation
KW - Directional modulation
KW - Genetic algorithm
KW - Phase-shift keying (PSK)
KW - Phased array
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U2 - 10.1109/TAP.2009.2027047
DO - 10.1109/TAP.2009.2027047
M3 - Article
AN - SCOPUS:70349243475
SN - 0018-926X
VL - 57
SP - 2633
EP - 2640
JO - IEEE Transactions on Antennas and Propagation
JF - IEEE Transactions on Antennas and Propagation
IS - 9
ER -