TY - JOUR
T1 - Dietary fiber is independently related to blood triglycerides among adults with overweight and obesity
AU - Hannon, Bridget A.
AU - Thompson, Sharon V.
AU - Edwards, Caitlyn G.
AU - Skinner, Sarah K.
AU - Niemiro, Grace M.
AU - Burd, Nicholas A.
AU - Holscher, Hannah D.
AU - Teran-Garcia, Margarita
AU - Khan, Naiman A.
N1 - © 2018, Hannon et al. This is an Open Access article distributed under the terms of the Creative Commons Attribution Non-Commercial License (http://creativecommons. org/licenses/by-nc/4.0/), which permits non-commercial re-use, distribution, and reproduction in any medium, provided the original work is properly cited. For commercial re-use, please contact [email protected] Manuscript received April 23, 2018. Initial review completed October 19, 2018. Revision accepted November 26, 2018. Published online November 28, 2018. This work was supported by funds provided by the Department of Kinesiology and Community Health at the University of Illinois and the USDA National Institute of Food and Agriculture, Hatch Project 1009249. Partial support was also provided by the Hass Avocado Board. BAH and MTG are supported by the Agriculture and Food Research Initiative Competitive Grant no. 2015-68001-23248 from the USDA National Institute of Food and Agriculture to Cooperative Extension and the Department of Human Development and Family Studies. SVT is supported by the University of Illinois College of ACES Jonathan Baldwin Turner Fellowship. GMN was supported by the Egg Nutrition Center Young Investigator Award. The authors report no conflicts of interest. Supplemental Tables 1 and 2 are available from the “Supplementary data” link in the online posting of the article and from the same link in the online table of contents at https://academic.oup.com/cdn/. Address correspondence to NAK (e-mail: [email protected]). Abbreviations used: CVD, cardiovascular disease; DBP, diastolic blood pressure; MetS, metabolic syndrome; SBP, systolic blood pressure; T2DM, type 2 diabetes mellitus; VAT, visceral adipose tissue.
PY - 2019/2/1
Y1 - 2019/2/1
N2 - Background: Metabolic syndrome (MetS), a cluster of visceral adiposity-related risk factors, affects approximately 35% of the United States population. Although improvement in diet quality is an important approach to reducing MetS risk, the role of particular dietary components remains unclear, especially among younger adults. Individual dietary components have been implicated in ameliorating or exacerbating MetS risk; however, the extent to which these factors contribute to MetS prevention has received little attention. Objective: This cross-sectional study aimed to assess relations between diet and individual MetS components in young to middle-aged adults who are overweight and/or obese. Methods: Participants aged 25-45 y (N = 117) with overweight and obesity, but no other diagnosed metabolic disease, recorded dietary intake over 7 d. MetS components (waist circumference, blood pressure, glucose, triglycerides [TGs], and high-density lipoprotein cholesterol [HDL]) were measured. Visceral adipose tissue was measured by dual-energy X-ray absorptiometry. Linear regression was used to assess relations between diet and MetS risk factors, adjusting for age, sex, and visceral adipose tissue. Results: MetS prevalence in this sample was 32%. Energy-adjusted total fiber intake (β = −0.21, P = 0.02) was inversely associated with TG concentrations. No significant relations were observed between other dietary factors and MetS components. These findings indicate that among MetS components, TG concentrations are potentially sensitive to fiber consumption. Conclusions: These results provide cross-sectional evidence supporting the protective influence of dietary fiber on MetS components among young to middle-aged adults. Additional, well-designed clinical trials are needed to assess the causal relations between various types of dietary fiber and metabolic disease.
AB - Background: Metabolic syndrome (MetS), a cluster of visceral adiposity-related risk factors, affects approximately 35% of the United States population. Although improvement in diet quality is an important approach to reducing MetS risk, the role of particular dietary components remains unclear, especially among younger adults. Individual dietary components have been implicated in ameliorating or exacerbating MetS risk; however, the extent to which these factors contribute to MetS prevention has received little attention. Objective: This cross-sectional study aimed to assess relations between diet and individual MetS components in young to middle-aged adults who are overweight and/or obese. Methods: Participants aged 25-45 y (N = 117) with overweight and obesity, but no other diagnosed metabolic disease, recorded dietary intake over 7 d. MetS components (waist circumference, blood pressure, glucose, triglycerides [TGs], and high-density lipoprotein cholesterol [HDL]) were measured. Visceral adipose tissue was measured by dual-energy X-ray absorptiometry. Linear regression was used to assess relations between diet and MetS risk factors, adjusting for age, sex, and visceral adipose tissue. Results: MetS prevalence in this sample was 32%. Energy-adjusted total fiber intake (β = −0.21, P = 0.02) was inversely associated with TG concentrations. No significant relations were observed between other dietary factors and MetS components. These findings indicate that among MetS components, TG concentrations are potentially sensitive to fiber consumption. Conclusions: These results provide cross-sectional evidence supporting the protective influence of dietary fiber on MetS components among young to middle-aged adults. Additional, well-designed clinical trials are needed to assess the causal relations between various types of dietary fiber and metabolic disease.
KW - Metabolic syndrome
KW - Obesity
KW - Soluble fiber
KW - Visceral adiposity
KW - Young adults
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U2 - 10.1093/cdn/nzy094
DO - 10.1093/cdn/nzy094
M3 - Article
C2 - 30820489
AN - SCOPUS:85063936965
SN - 2475-2991
VL - 3
JO - Current Developments in Nutrition
JF - Current Developments in Nutrition
IS - 2
M1 - nzy094
ER -