Development of Theory of Mind: Considerations for Children with Visual Impairments

Theory of Mind (ToM) is defined as understanding the perspective of oneself and others (Premack & Woodruff, 1978). The false-belief task is used to assess the acquisition of ToM. Recently, researchers have adapted the test to validate it with children with visual impairments. In studies using these adapted versions of the false-belief task, researchers have found little delay in the development of ToM in children with visual impairments. In this literature review, current research was used to assess whether the newly adapted version of the false-belief test contains the salient features of traditional false-belief tests necessary to assure that the same constructs are being tested. Additionally, factors that correlate with the development of ToM are discussed. Questions are raised regarding how ToM is assessed and how it develops in children with visual impairments. Suggestions for practice and future studies are offered.