Development of miniaturized walking biological machines

Vincent Chan; Kidong Park; Mitchell B. Collens; Hyunjoon Kong; Taher A. Saif; Rashid Bashir

doi:10.1038/srep00857

Development of miniaturized walking biological machines

Vincent Chan, Kidong Park, Mitchell B. Collens, Hyunjoon Kong, Taher A. Saif, Rashid Bashir

Research output: Contribution to journal › Article › peer-review

Abstract

The quest to 'forward-engineer' and fabricate biological machines remains a grand challenge. Towards this end, we have fabricated locomotive bio-bots from hydrogels and cardiomyocytes using a 3D printer. The multi-material bio-bot consisted of a 'biological bimorph' cantilever structure as the actuator to power the bio-bot, and a base structure to define the asymmetric shape for locomotion. The cantilever structure was seeded with a sheet of contractile cardiomyocytes. We evaluated the locomotive mechanisms of several designs of bio-bots by changing the cantilever thickness. The bio-bot that demonstrated the most efficient mechanism of locomotion maximized the use of contractile forces for overcoming friction of the supporting leg, while preventing backward movement of the actuating leg upon relaxation. The maximum recorded velocity of the bio-bot was ∼236 μm s^-1, with an average displacement per power stroke of ∼354 μm and average beating frequency of ∼1.5 Hz.

Original language	English (US)
Article number	857
Journal	Scientific reports
Volume	2
DOIs	https://doi.org/10.1038/srep00857
State	Published - 2012

ASJC Scopus subject areas

General

Online availability

10.1038/srep00857

Library availability

Discover UIUC Full Text

Cite this

@article{ef5d2b0b7cc74ab6bc00ef0eae0ec629,

title = "Development of miniaturized walking biological machines",

abstract = "The quest to 'forward-engineer' and fabricate biological machines remains a grand challenge. Towards this end, we have fabricated locomotive bio-bots from hydrogels and cardiomyocytes using a 3D printer. The multi-material bio-bot consisted of a 'biological bimorph' cantilever structure as the actuator to power the bio-bot, and a base structure to define the asymmetric shape for locomotion. The cantilever structure was seeded with a sheet of contractile cardiomyocytes. We evaluated the locomotive mechanisms of several designs of bio-bots by changing the cantilever thickness. The bio-bot that demonstrated the most efficient mechanism of locomotion maximized the use of contractile forces for overcoming friction of the supporting leg, while preventing backward movement of the actuating leg upon relaxation. The maximum recorded velocity of the bio-bot was ∼236 μm s-1, with an average displacement per power stroke of ∼354 μm and average beating frequency of ∼1.5 Hz.",

author = "Vincent Chan and Kidong Park and Collens, {Mitchell B.} and Hyunjoon Kong and Saif, {Taher A.} and Rashid Bashir",

note = "Funding Information: We thank Brian Williams and Wylie Ahmed at the University of Illinois at Urbana-Champaign (UIUC) for their help with the angle of repose measurements. We thank Elise Corbin, Larry Millet, and Professor K. J. Hsia at UIUC, and Professors H. Harry Asada, Ron Weiss, and Roger D. Kamm at the Massachusetts Institute of Technology (MIT) for their helpful discussions. This project was funded by the National Science Foundation (NSF), Science and Technology Center (STC), and Emergent Behaviors in Integrated Cellular Systems (EBICS) Grant CBET-0939511 and by a cooperative agreement that was awarded to UIUC and administered by the U.S. Army Medical Research & Materiel Command (USAMRMC) and the Telemedicine & Advanced Technology Research Center (TATRC), under Contract #: W81XWH0810701.",

year = "2012",

doi = "10.1038/srep00857",

language = "English (US)",

volume = "2",

journal = "Scientific reports",

issn = "2045-2322",

publisher = "Nature Publishing Group",

}

TY - JOUR

T1 - Development of miniaturized walking biological machines

AU - Chan, Vincent

AU - Park, Kidong

AU - Collens, Mitchell B.

AU - Kong, Hyunjoon

AU - Saif, Taher A.

AU - Bashir, Rashid

N1 - Funding Information: We thank Brian Williams and Wylie Ahmed at the University of Illinois at Urbana-Champaign (UIUC) for their help with the angle of repose measurements. We thank Elise Corbin, Larry Millet, and Professor K. J. Hsia at UIUC, and Professors H. Harry Asada, Ron Weiss, and Roger D. Kamm at the Massachusetts Institute of Technology (MIT) for their helpful discussions. This project was funded by the National Science Foundation (NSF), Science and Technology Center (STC), and Emergent Behaviors in Integrated Cellular Systems (EBICS) Grant CBET-0939511 and by a cooperative agreement that was awarded to UIUC and administered by the U.S. Army Medical Research & Materiel Command (USAMRMC) and the Telemedicine & Advanced Technology Research Center (TATRC), under Contract #: W81XWH0810701.

PY - 2012

Y1 - 2012

N2 - The quest to 'forward-engineer' and fabricate biological machines remains a grand challenge. Towards this end, we have fabricated locomotive bio-bots from hydrogels and cardiomyocytes using a 3D printer. The multi-material bio-bot consisted of a 'biological bimorph' cantilever structure as the actuator to power the bio-bot, and a base structure to define the asymmetric shape for locomotion. The cantilever structure was seeded with a sheet of contractile cardiomyocytes. We evaluated the locomotive mechanisms of several designs of bio-bots by changing the cantilever thickness. The bio-bot that demonstrated the most efficient mechanism of locomotion maximized the use of contractile forces for overcoming friction of the supporting leg, while preventing backward movement of the actuating leg upon relaxation. The maximum recorded velocity of the bio-bot was ∼236 μm s-1, with an average displacement per power stroke of ∼354 μm and average beating frequency of ∼1.5 Hz.

AB - The quest to 'forward-engineer' and fabricate biological machines remains a grand challenge. Towards this end, we have fabricated locomotive bio-bots from hydrogels and cardiomyocytes using a 3D printer. The multi-material bio-bot consisted of a 'biological bimorph' cantilever structure as the actuator to power the bio-bot, and a base structure to define the asymmetric shape for locomotion. The cantilever structure was seeded with a sheet of contractile cardiomyocytes. We evaluated the locomotive mechanisms of several designs of bio-bots by changing the cantilever thickness. The bio-bot that demonstrated the most efficient mechanism of locomotion maximized the use of contractile forces for overcoming friction of the supporting leg, while preventing backward movement of the actuating leg upon relaxation. The maximum recorded velocity of the bio-bot was ∼236 μm s-1, with an average displacement per power stroke of ∼354 μm and average beating frequency of ∼1.5 Hz.

UR - http://www.scopus.com/inward/record.url?scp=84870849781&partnerID=8YFLogxK

UR - http://www.scopus.com/inward/citedby.url?scp=84870849781&partnerID=8YFLogxK

U2 - 10.1038/srep00857

DO - 10.1038/srep00857

M3 - Article

C2 - 23155480

AN - SCOPUS:84870849781

SN - 2045-2322

VL - 2

JO - Scientific reports

JF - Scientific reports

M1 - 857

ER -

Development of miniaturized walking biological machines

Abstract

ASJC Scopus subject areas

Online availability

Library availability

Related links

Fingerprint

Cite this