TY - JOUR
T1 - Development of dynamic centrifuge models of underground structures near tall buildings
AU - Dashti, S.
AU - Hashash, Y. M.A.
AU - Gillis, K.
AU - Musgrove, M.
AU - Walker, M.
N1 - Funding Information:
This work was supported by the National Science Foundation (NSF) under Grant no. 1134968 . Any opinions, findings, and conclusions or recommendations expressed in this material are those of the authors and do not necessarily reflect the views of the NSF. We would like to acknowledge the staff and researchers at UCD-CGM, particularly Dr. Dan Wilson, for their valuable feedback during the design and execution of the centrifuge experiments.
PY - 2016/7/1
Y1 - 2016/7/1
N2 - A series of six centrifuge experiments was designed and conducted to assess the seismic influence of a mid to highrise building on adjacent shallow underground structures. The buildings modeled in this study (12 and 42 stories) were the tallest structures tested in centrifuge to date. In designing these experiments, it was important to represent the modal frequencies, base shear, base moment, and yield characteristics of realistic mid and highrise structures, in order to transmit realistic seismic demands onto the underground structures. For the midrise structure, it was possible to simulate the height, mass, and three primary modes of response with a simplified, scaled model in centrifuge. For the highrise structure, additional simplifications were necessary due to a limited overhead space. A scaled, single-degree-of-freedom structure could capture the fundamental frequency, mass, and therefore base shear of a representative 42-story highrise building, while other properties were sacrificed. The six experiments with varied payloads required similar base motions to experimentally evaluate the seismic impact of buildings on underground structures. The heavy structures applied an unprecedented demand on the shaking table under increased gravity, which was expected to adversely affect the repeatability of motions. Even though the achieved base motions were significantly de-amplified compared to those desired, their coefficient of variation among six experiments was less than 0.2 in the frequency range of interest (0.2-5 Hz), indicating acceptable repeatability. The buildings were instrumented during the centrifuge tests to measure their base shear and roof drifts. The results were consistent with pushover analyses and design requirements, indicating realistic overall stiffness, yielding characteristics, and shear forces transmitted to the foundation. The overall response of the system indicates that, with reasonable approximations, the seismic forces transferred from tall buildings to the foundation soil and an adjacent underground structure can be successfully modeled and evaluated in centrifuge.
AB - A series of six centrifuge experiments was designed and conducted to assess the seismic influence of a mid to highrise building on adjacent shallow underground structures. The buildings modeled in this study (12 and 42 stories) were the tallest structures tested in centrifuge to date. In designing these experiments, it was important to represent the modal frequencies, base shear, base moment, and yield characteristics of realistic mid and highrise structures, in order to transmit realistic seismic demands onto the underground structures. For the midrise structure, it was possible to simulate the height, mass, and three primary modes of response with a simplified, scaled model in centrifuge. For the highrise structure, additional simplifications were necessary due to a limited overhead space. A scaled, single-degree-of-freedom structure could capture the fundamental frequency, mass, and therefore base shear of a representative 42-story highrise building, while other properties were sacrificed. The six experiments with varied payloads required similar base motions to experimentally evaluate the seismic impact of buildings on underground structures. The heavy structures applied an unprecedented demand on the shaking table under increased gravity, which was expected to adversely affect the repeatability of motions. Even though the achieved base motions were significantly de-amplified compared to those desired, their coefficient of variation among six experiments was less than 0.2 in the frequency range of interest (0.2-5 Hz), indicating acceptable repeatability. The buildings were instrumented during the centrifuge tests to measure their base shear and roof drifts. The results were consistent with pushover analyses and design requirements, indicating realistic overall stiffness, yielding characteristics, and shear forces transmitted to the foundation. The overall response of the system indicates that, with reasonable approximations, the seismic forces transferred from tall buildings to the foundation soil and an adjacent underground structure can be successfully modeled and evaluated in centrifuge.
KW - Centrifuge modeling
KW - Infrastructure
KW - Seismic performance
KW - Soil-structure-underground structure-interaction
KW - Tall buildings
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U2 - 10.1016/j.soildyn.2016.04.014
DO - 10.1016/j.soildyn.2016.04.014
M3 - Article
AN - SCOPUS:84964931564
VL - 86
SP - 89
EP - 105
JO - Soil Dynamics and Earthquake Engineering
JF - Soil Dynamics and Earthquake Engineering
SN - 0267-7261
ER -