Design of crystallization processes from laboratory research and development to the manufacturing scale-part II

This article discussed the application of in situ sensors such as ATR-FTIR and FBRM for process design and control in batch crystallization. The automated development of an initial batch recipe based on PAT has been demonstrated for various applications such as for selective crystallization in a polymorph system. CFD-CSD micromixing simulations present a promising avenue for scale-up analysis of batch recipes and crystallizer designs, although its main weakness is the lack of data on true kinetic parameters for most systems. A recent advancement in the identification of nucleation kinetics is through the use of microfluidic platforms that enable a large quantity of data to be collected, at a low cost and using small amounts of materials.