TY - GEN
T1 - Design and validation of a transcritical CO2 mobile refrigerated container system for military applications
AU - Lawrence, Neal
AU - Elbel, Stefan
AU - Hrnjak, Pega
N1 - Publisher Copyright:
© 2018 International Institute of Refrigeration. All rights reserved.
PY - 2018
Y1 - 2018
N2 - This paper describes the design and analysis of a transcritical CO2 (R744), multi-temperature, mobile refrigerated container system. The use of CO2 as a refrigerant has been widely applied to supermarket refrigeration systems in recent years and shown to be promising for other applications as well. However, the extreme operating conditions of this application (up to 57°C ambient temperature and frozen temperature of -20°C) make using CO2 as a refrigerant a unique challenge here. In order to achieve reasonable efficiency at the extreme conditions of this application, several improvements have been implemented: Multi-stage compression with intercooling, improved gas cooler performance with a microchannel heat exchanger, internal heat exchange, and expansion work recovery with an ejector. The results presented in this paper show that the very high ambient temperature of this system allows for very significant COP improvement using each of the above improvements methods (over 50 % combined improvement).
AB - This paper describes the design and analysis of a transcritical CO2 (R744), multi-temperature, mobile refrigerated container system. The use of CO2 as a refrigerant has been widely applied to supermarket refrigeration systems in recent years and shown to be promising for other applications as well. However, the extreme operating conditions of this application (up to 57°C ambient temperature and frozen temperature of -20°C) make using CO2 as a refrigerant a unique challenge here. In order to achieve reasonable efficiency at the extreme conditions of this application, several improvements have been implemented: Multi-stage compression with intercooling, improved gas cooler performance with a microchannel heat exchanger, internal heat exchange, and expansion work recovery with an ejector. The results presented in this paper show that the very high ambient temperature of this system allows for very significant COP improvement using each of the above improvements methods (over 50 % combined improvement).
KW - COP
KW - Carbon dioxide
KW - Ejector
KW - Microchannel heat exchanger
KW - Refrigerated container
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M3 - Conference contribution
AN - SCOPUS:85049826358
T3 - Refrigeration Science and Technology
SP - 882
EP - 890
BT - 13th IIR Gustav Lorentzen Conference on Natural Refrigerants
PB - International Institute of Refrigeration
T2 - 13th IIR Gustav Lorentzen Conference on Natural Refrigerants: Natural Refrigerant Solutions for Warm Climate Countries
Y2 - 18 June 2018 through 20 June 2018
ER -