TY - JOUR
T1 - Departure-site spacing for liquid droplets and jets falling between horizontal circular tubes
AU - Hu, X.
AU - Jacobi, A. M.
N1 - Funding Information:
We gratefully acknowledge National Science Foundation support through Grant CTS-9396194. The second author is deeply indebted to Prof. Mitrovic (Universität Stuttgart), who through his thoughtful personal correspondence offered comments that significantly improved an early draft of this manuscript.
PY - 1998/4
Y1 - 1998/4
N2 - When a liquid film falls from one tube to another below it, the flow can take the form of discrete droplets, individual jets or a continuous sheet. Experiments exploring the effects of thermophysical properties and geometrical parameters on the droplet and jet flow patterns are described. Measurements of droplet and jet departure-site spacing are reported for several fluids over a wide range of liquid flow rates, tube sizes and tube spacing. For the conditions of this study, departure-site spacing increased with decreasing Re for high-Ga fluids and was nearly independent of Re for low-Ga fluids. Departure-site spacing increased slightly with tube diameter for small tubes and was nearly independent of tube size for large tubes. Departure-site spacing was nearly independent of tube spacing for the entire range of experiments; however, a relation between jet shape, jet spacing and tube spacing was observed under some conditions. A qualitative study of liquid-jet shapes shows that this flow feature depends strongly on tube spacing, and comparisons to existing models suggest that further work in this area is needed.
AB - When a liquid film falls from one tube to another below it, the flow can take the form of discrete droplets, individual jets or a continuous sheet. Experiments exploring the effects of thermophysical properties and geometrical parameters on the droplet and jet flow patterns are described. Measurements of droplet and jet departure-site spacing are reported for several fluids over a wide range of liquid flow rates, tube sizes and tube spacing. For the conditions of this study, departure-site spacing increased with decreasing Re for high-Ga fluids and was nearly independent of Re for low-Ga fluids. Departure-site spacing increased slightly with tube diameter for small tubes and was nearly independent of tube size for large tubes. Departure-site spacing was nearly independent of tube spacing for the entire range of experiments; however, a relation between jet shape, jet spacing and tube spacing was observed under some conditions. A qualitative study of liquid-jet shapes shows that this flow feature depends strongly on tube spacing, and comparisons to existing models suggest that further work in this area is needed.
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U2 - 10.1016/S0894-1777(97)10031-0
DO - 10.1016/S0894-1777(97)10031-0
M3 - Article
AN - SCOPUS:0032049511
SN - 0894-1777
VL - 16
SP - 322
EP - 331
JO - Experimental Thermal and Fluid Science
JF - Experimental Thermal and Fluid Science
IS - 4
ER -