TY - JOUR
T1 - DAVOS
T2 - Dwarf Active Galactic Nuclei from Variability for the Origins of Seeds: Properties of Variability-selected Active Galactic Nuclei in the COSMOS Field and Expectations for the Rubin Observatory
AU - Burke, Colin J.
AU - Liu, Yichen
AU - Ward, Charlotte A.
AU - Liu, Xin
AU - Natarajan, Priyamvada
AU - Greene, Jenny E.
N1 - We thank the anonymous referee for a careful review and for providing comments which improved this work. This research has made use of the SIMBAD database, operated at CDS, Strasbourg, France. This research made use of astroquery (Ginsburg et al. 2019). We are grateful to Ming-Yang Zhuang, Guang Yang, Kedar Phadke, Qian Yang, Meg Urry, Marla Geha, and Yue Shen for useful discussions. C.J.B. is supported by an NSF Astronomy and Astrophysics Postdoctoral Fellowship under award AST-2303803. This material is based upon work supported by the National Science Foundation under Award No. 2303803. This research award is partially funded by a generous gift of Charles Simonyi to the NSF Division of Astronomical Sciences. The award is made in recognition of significant contributions to Rubin Observatory's Legacy Survey of Space and Time. Y.L. and X.L. acknowledge support from NSF grant AST-2308077. P.N. acknowledges support from the Gordon and Betty Moore Foundation and the John Templeton Foundation that fund the Black Hole Initiative (BHI) at Harvard University where she serves as one of the PIs.
We thank the anonymous referee for a careful review and for providing comments which improved this work. This research has made use of the SIMBAD database, operated at CDS, Strasbourg, France. This research made use of astroquery (Ginsburg et al. ). We are grateful to Ming-Yang Zhuang, Guang Yang, Kedar Phadke, Qian Yang, Meg Urry, Marla Geha, and Yue Shen for useful discussions. C.J.B. is supported by an NSF Astronomy and Astrophysics Postdoctoral Fellowship under award AST-2303803. This material is based upon work supported by the National Science Foundation under Award No. 2303803. This research award is partially funded by a generous gift of Charles Simonyi to the NSF Division of Astronomical Sciences. The award is made in recognition of significant contributions to Rubin Observatory's Legacy Survey of Space and Time. Y.L. and X.L. acknowledge support from NSF grant AST-2308077. P.N. acknowledges support from the Gordon and Betty Moore Foundation and the John Templeton Foundation that fund the Black Hole Initiative (BHI) at Harvard University where she serves as one of the PIs.
PY - 2024/8/1
Y1 - 2024/8/1
N2 - We study the black hole mass-host galaxy stellar mass relation, M BH-M *, of a sample of z < 4 optically variable active galactic nuclei (AGNs) in the COSMOS field. The parent sample of 491 COSMOS AGNs were identified by optical variability from the Hyper Suprime-Cam Subaru Strategic Program (HSC-SSP) program. Using publicly available catalogs and spectra, we consolidate their spectroscopic redshifts and estimate virial black hole masses using broad-line widths and luminosities. We show that variability searches with deep, high-precision photometry like the HSC-SSP can identity AGNs in low-mass galaxies up to z ∼ 1. However, their black holes are more massive given their host galaxy stellar masses than predicted by the local relation for active galaxies. We report that z ∼ 0.5-4 variability-selected AGNs are meanwhile more consistent with the M BH-M * relation for local inactive early-type galaxies. This result is in agreement with most previous studies of the M BH-M * relation at similar redshifts and indicates that AGNs selected from variability are not intrinsically different from the broad-line Type 1 AGN population at similar luminosities. Our results demonstrate the need for robust black hole and stellar mass estimates for intermediate-mass black hole candidates in low-mass galaxies at similar redshifts to anchor this scaling relation. Assuming that these results do not reflect a selection bias, they appear to be consistent with self-regulated feedback models wherein the central black hole and stars in galaxies grow in tandem.
AB - We study the black hole mass-host galaxy stellar mass relation, M BH-M *, of a sample of z < 4 optically variable active galactic nuclei (AGNs) in the COSMOS field. The parent sample of 491 COSMOS AGNs were identified by optical variability from the Hyper Suprime-Cam Subaru Strategic Program (HSC-SSP) program. Using publicly available catalogs and spectra, we consolidate their spectroscopic redshifts and estimate virial black hole masses using broad-line widths and luminosities. We show that variability searches with deep, high-precision photometry like the HSC-SSP can identity AGNs in low-mass galaxies up to z ∼ 1. However, their black holes are more massive given their host galaxy stellar masses than predicted by the local relation for active galaxies. We report that z ∼ 0.5-4 variability-selected AGNs are meanwhile more consistent with the M BH-M * relation for local inactive early-type galaxies. This result is in agreement with most previous studies of the M BH-M * relation at similar redshifts and indicates that AGNs selected from variability are not intrinsically different from the broad-line Type 1 AGN population at similar luminosities. Our results demonstrate the need for robust black hole and stellar mass estimates for intermediate-mass black hole candidates in low-mass galaxies at similar redshifts to anchor this scaling relation. Assuming that these results do not reflect a selection bias, they appear to be consistent with self-regulated feedback models wherein the central black hole and stars in galaxies grow in tandem.
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U2 - 10.3847/1538-4357/ad54ca
DO - 10.3847/1538-4357/ad54ca
M3 - Article
AN - SCOPUS:85201292779
SN - 0004-637X
VL - 971
JO - Astrophysical Journal
JF - Astrophysical Journal
IS - 2
M1 - 140
ER -