@article{47d426f5878d4031b084651aeb631211,
title = "Cryogenic Oxide-VCSEL for PAM-4 Optical Data Transmission over 50 Gb/s at 77 K",
abstract = "To meet the rising demand for a high-speed and power-efficient optical link for cryogenic data operation, we report a 6.8-μ m oxide-aperture VCSEL with a record bandwidth ≥50 GHz at cryogenic temperatures. A high-speed packaged oxide-VCSEL demonstrates optical data transmission capability from 12.5 to 44 Gb/s NRZ and 51.56 Gb/s PAM-4 at 77K.",
keywords = "Vertical-cavity surface-emitting lasers, cryogenics, data transfer, high speed modulation, optical fiber communication, optical interconnects",
author = "Wenning Fu and Haonan Wu and Dufei Wua and Milton Feng and Dennis Deppe",
note = "Funding Information: Manuscript received February 15, 2021; revised April 4, 2021; accepted April 6, 2021. Date of publication April 14, 2021; date of current version July 29, 2021. This work was supported in part by Dr. William Harrod the Intelligence Advanced Research Projects Activity (IARPA), sdPhotonics, LLC, and Dr. T. R. Govindan (Army Research Office) on IARPA project: Super Cables—VCSEL based Link under Grant W911NF-19-2-0165, in part by sdPhotonics, LLC from the U.S. Army Research Office through the Small Business Innovation Research (SBIR) Phase II under Grant W911NF-17-P-0048, and in part by Dr. Mike Gerhold for ARO support under Grant W911NF-17-1-0112 and in part by Keysight for the use of M8195A. (Corresponding author: Wenning Fu.) Wenning Fu, Haonan Wu, Dufei Wu, and Milton Feng are with the Nick Holonyak, Jr. Micro and Nanotechnology Laboratory, Department of Electrical and Computer Engineering, University of Illinois at Urbana-Champaign, Urbana, IL 61801 USA (e-mail: wfu4@illinois.edu; mfeng@illinois.edu). Publisher Copyright: {\textcopyright} 1989-2012 IEEE.",
year = "2021",
month = aug,
day = "15",
doi = "10.1109/LPT.2021.3073122",
language = "English (US)",
volume = "33",
pages = "816--819",
journal = "IEEE Photonics Technology Letters",
issn = "1041-1135",
publisher = "Institute of Electrical and Electronics Engineers Inc.",
number = "16",
}