@article{2ebf2569ebae45a9b616931dffaf6899,
title = "Cross-species transmission of retroviruses among domestic and wild felids in human-occupied landscapes in Chile",
abstract = "Human transformation of natural habitats facilitates pathogen transmission between domestic and wild species. The guigna (Leopardus guigna), a small felid found in Chile, has experienced habitat loss and an increased probability of contact with domestic cats. Here, we describe the interspecific transmission of feline leukemia virus (FeLV) and feline immunodeficiency virus (FIV) between domestic cats and guignas and assess its correlation with human landscape perturbation. Blood and tissue samples from 102 free-ranging guignas and 262 domestic cats were collected and analyzed by PCR and sequencing. Guigna and domestic cat FeLV and FIV prevalence were very similar. Phylogenetic analysis showed guigna FeLV and FIV sequences are positioned within worldwide domestic cat virus clades with high nucleotide similarity. Guigna FeLV infection was significantly associated with fragmented landscapes with resident domestic cats. There was little evidence of clinical signs of disease in guignas. Our results contribute to the understanding of the implications of landscape perturbation and emerging diseases.",
keywords = "Leopardus guigna, South America, anthropization, cross-species pathogen transmission, domestic cat, feline retrovirus, human-occupied landscapes",
author = "Irene Sacrist{\'a}n and Francisca Acu{\~n}a and Emilio Aguilar and Sebasti{\'a}n Garc{\'i}a and {Jos{\'e} L{\'o}pez}, Mar{\'i}a and Javier Cabello and Ezequiel Hidalgo-Hermoso and Jim Sanderson and Terio, {Karen A.} and Vanessa Barrs and Julia Beatty and Johnson, {Warren E.} and Javier Mill{\'a}n and Elie Poulin and Constanza Napolitano",
note = "Funding Information: We gratefully acknowledge local inhabitants of rural communities for kindly giving us the opportunity to sample their domestic cats. We are grateful to CONAF, especially Patricio Contreras, Patricia Barr{\'i}a, Andrea Bahamonde and Dennis Aldrigde; SAG, especially to Diego Ram{\'i}rez and Rodrigo Villalobos; the Ministry of the Environment, especially to Sandra D{\'i}az; Tantauco Park, especially to Alan Bannister and Catherine Chirgwin; and the Valdivian Coastal Reserve and Camila D{\"u}nner for logistic support. Special thanks to Debora Mera, Diego Pe{\~n}aloza, Gonzalo Canto, Camila N{\'u}{\~n}ez, H{\'e}ctor Basualto, Nicol{\'a}s G{\'a}lvez, Eduardo Silva, Maximiliano Sep{\'u}lveda, Jos{\'e} Luis Brito, Daniel Gonz{\'a}lez, Nicole Sallaberry, Angelo Espinoza, Jorge Valenzuela, Daniela Poo, Francisca Astorga, Violeta Barrera, Macarena Barros, Gonzalo Medina, Claudia Hern{\'a}ndez, Nora Prehn, Camila Sep{\'u}lveda, Gerardo Morales, Daniela Ormaz{\'a}val, P{\'i}a Astudillo, Andrea Roa, Gaby Svensson, Ricardo Pino, Frederick Toro, Elfego Cuevas, Mario Alvarado, Brayan Zambrano, Tom{\'a}s Vald{\'e}s, and Manuel Vald{\'e}s for their valuable support in sample collection. Our work was funded by CONICYT FONDECYT Iniciaci{\'o}n 11150934 (CN), Morris Animal Foundation (MAF) D15ZO‐413 (CN), National Geographic Society C309‐15 (CN), Mohamed bin Zayed Species Conservation Fund 152510351 (CN), 2018 Endeavour Research Fellowship (Australian government; CN), ANID PAI 77190064 (CN), CONICYT PIA APOYO CCTE AFB170008 (CN, EP), the Wild Felid Association (IS), Fondo Interno UNAB DI‐778‐15/R (JM), Morris Animal Foundation D16Z‐825 (JM), and CONICYT FONDECYT Regular 1161593 (JM, CN). Portions of this manuscript were prepared while WEJ held a National Research Council Research Associateship Award at the Walter Reed Army Institute of Research (WRAIR). The opinions and assertions contained herein are private views of the authors and should not be construed to represent those of the Department of the Army or the Department of Defense. Samples were collected with permission from the Chilean Agriculture and Livestock Service (SAG; capture permits 814/13 2008, 109/9 2009, 1220/22 2010, 1708/26 2010, 7624/2015, 2288/2016, 2185/2017, 4072/2018) and the approval of an Animal Ethics Committee (Institute of Ecology and Biodiversity, resolution 20 November 2015). Funding Information: We gratefully acknowledge local inhabitants of rural communities for kindly giving us the opportunity to sample their domestic cats. We are grateful to CONAF, especially Patricio Contreras, Patricia Barr{\'i}a, Andrea Bahamonde and Dennis Aldrigde; SAG, especially to Diego Ram{\'i}rez and Rodrigo Villalobos; the Ministry of the Environment, especially to Sandra D{\'i}az; Tantauco Park, especially to Alan Bannister and Catherine Chirgwin; and the Valdivian Coastal Reserve and Camila D{\"u}nner for logistic support. Special thanks to Debora Mera, Diego Pe{\~n}aloza, Gonzalo Canto, Camila N{\'u}{\~n}ez, H{\'e}ctor Basualto, Nicol{\'a}s G{\'a}lvez, Eduardo Silva, Maximiliano Sep{\'u}lveda, Jos{\'e} Luis Brito, Daniel Gonz{\'a}lez, Nicole Sallaberry, Angelo Espinoza, Jorge Valenzuela, Daniela Poo, Francisca Astorga, Violeta Barrera, Macarena Barros, Gonzalo Medina, Claudia Hern{\'a}ndez, Nora Prehn, Camila Sep{\'u}lveda, Gerardo Morales, Daniela Ormaz{\'a}val, P{\'i}a Astudillo, Andrea Roa, Gaby Svensson, Ricardo Pino, Frederick Toro, Elfego Cuevas, Mario Alvarado, Brayan Zambrano, Tom{\'a}s Vald{\'e}s, and Manuel Vald{\'e}s for their valuable support in sample collection. Our work was funded by CONICYT FONDECYT Iniciaci{\'o}n 11150934 (CN), Morris Animal Foundation (MAF) D15ZO-413 (CN), National Geographic Society C309-15 (CN), Mohamed bin Zayed Species Conservation Fund 152510351 (CN), 2018 Endeavour Research Fellowship (Australian government; CN), ANID PAI 77190064 (CN), CONICYT PIA APOYO CCTE AFB170008 (CN, EP), the Wild Felid Association (IS), Fondo Interno UNAB DI-778-15/R (JM), Morris Animal Foundation D16Z-825 (JM), and CONICYT FONDECYT Regular 1161593 (JM, CN). Portions of this manuscript were prepared while WEJ held a National Research Council Research Associateship Award at the Walter Reed Army Institute of Research (WRAIR). The opinions and assertions contained herein are private views of the authors and should not be construed to represent those of the Department of the Army or the Department of Defense. Samples were collected with permission from the Chilean Agriculture and Livestock Service (SAG; capture permits 814/13 2008, 109/9 2009, 1220/22 2010, 1708/26 2010, 7624/2015, 2288/2016, 2185/2017, 4072/2018) and the approval of an Animal Ethics Committee (Institute of Ecology and Biodiversity, resolution 20 November 2015). Publisher Copyright: {\textcopyright} 2021 The Authors. Evolutionary Applications published by John Wiley & Sons Ltd.",
year = "2021",
month = apr,
doi = "10.1111/eva.13181",
language = "English (US)",
volume = "14",
pages = "1070--1082",
journal = "Evolutionary Applications",
issn = "1752-4563",
publisher = "John Wiley & Sons, Ltd.",
number = "4",
}