Coupling systems thinking and geodesign processes in land-use modelling, design, and planning

Integrating systems thinking theories with geodesign processes and land use modelling technologies is a complex undertaking. Existing studies fail to capture the deep rooted connection between the approaches and their potential for helping to understand complex problems. In order to enhance the practicality of systems thinking and the credibility of geodesign, we generate a holistic framework in-cluding conceptual framework and procedural infrastructure for use in land-use modelling, design, and planning. We then use a case study in Sangamon County, IL to explain and test its feasibility in practice.