Continuous wave threshold characteristics of coupled-cavity VCSELs: Experiment and model

Mateusz Zujewski, Leszek Frasunkiewicz, Kent Choquette, Tomasz Czyszanowski, Hugo Thienpont, Krassimir Panajotov

Research output: Contribution to journalArticlepeer-review

Abstract

We carry out a detailed characterization of continuous wave threshold behavior of coupled-cavity vertical-cavity surface-emitting lasers with various radii of the ion-implantation and oxide apertures. We obtain modal threshold current maps and wavelength at threshold and identify three groups of lasers with qualitatively different behavior, i.e. 1) lasing only on the short, 2) on both short and long and 3) only on the long wavelength fundamental mode. All lasers show profound impact of the current induced self-heating. In order to elucidate this impact, we improve the existing rate equation model by considering nonuniform longitudinal temperature distribution and adding the gain and refractive index temperature dependencies. We are able to reproduce the experimentally observed switchings between different longitudinal modes, as well as all the three different types of modal behavior.

Original languageEnglish (US)
Article number6650038
Pages (from-to)3726-3734
Number of pages9
JournalJournal of Lightwave Technology
Volume31
Issue number23
DOIs
StatePublished - 2013

Keywords

  • Coupled cavities
  • VCSEL (vertical-cavity surface-emitting lasers)
  • rate equations

ASJC Scopus subject areas

  • Atomic and Molecular Physics, and Optics

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