TY - JOUR
T1 - Conductivity and lithiophilicity gradients guide lithium deposition to mitigate short circuits
AU - Pu, Jun
AU - Li, Jiachen
AU - Zhang, Kai
AU - Zhang, Tao
AU - Li, Chaowei
AU - Ma, Haixia
AU - Zhu, Jia
AU - Braun, Paul V.
AU - Lu, Jun
AU - Zhang, Huigang
N1 - Funding Information:
The authors acknowledge the financial support of the National Natural Science Foundation of China (21776121), Jiangsu Outstanding Youth Funds (BK20160012), “Jiangsu Shuangchuang” Program, Thousand Youth Talents Plan, National Key Research and Development Program of China (2017YFA0205700), and National Materials Genome Project (2016YFB0700600). J.Lu. gratefully acknowledges support from the U. S. Department of Energy (DOE), Office of Energy Efficiency and Renewable Energy, Vehicle Technologies Office. Argonne National Laboratory is operated for DOE Office of Science by UChicago Argonne, LLC, under contract number DE-AC02-06CH11357.
Publisher Copyright:
© 2019, This is a U.S. government work and not under copyright protection in the U.S.; foreign copyright protection may apply.
PY - 2019/12/1
Y1 - 2019/12/1
N2 - Lithium metal anodes hold great promise to enable high-energy battery systems. However, lithium dendrites at the interface between anode and separator pose risks of short circuits and fire, impeding the safe application. In contrast to conventional approaches of suppressing dendrites, here we show a deposition-regulating strategy by electrically passivating the top of a porous nickel scaffold and chemically activating the bottom of the scaffold to form conductivity/lithiophilicity gradients, whereby lithium is guided to deposit preferentially at the bottom of the anode, safely away from the separator. The resulting lithium anodes significantly reduce the probability of dendrite-induced short circuits. Crucially, excellent properties are also demonstrated at extremely high capacity (up to 40 mAh cm −2 ), high current density, and/or low temperatures (down to −15 °C), which readily induce dendrite shorts in particular. This facile and viable deposition-regulating strategy provides an approach to preferentially deposit lithium in safer positions, enabling a promising anode for next-generation lithium batteries.
AB - Lithium metal anodes hold great promise to enable high-energy battery systems. However, lithium dendrites at the interface between anode and separator pose risks of short circuits and fire, impeding the safe application. In contrast to conventional approaches of suppressing dendrites, here we show a deposition-regulating strategy by electrically passivating the top of a porous nickel scaffold and chemically activating the bottom of the scaffold to form conductivity/lithiophilicity gradients, whereby lithium is guided to deposit preferentially at the bottom of the anode, safely away from the separator. The resulting lithium anodes significantly reduce the probability of dendrite-induced short circuits. Crucially, excellent properties are also demonstrated at extremely high capacity (up to 40 mAh cm −2 ), high current density, and/or low temperatures (down to −15 °C), which readily induce dendrite shorts in particular. This facile and viable deposition-regulating strategy provides an approach to preferentially deposit lithium in safer positions, enabling a promising anode for next-generation lithium batteries.
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U2 - 10.1038/s41467-019-09932-1
DO - 10.1038/s41467-019-09932-1
M3 - Article
C2 - 31015466
AN - SCOPUS:85064919644
SN - 2041-1723
VL - 10
JO - Nature communications
JF - Nature communications
IS - 1
M1 - 1896
ER -