TY - JOUR
T1 - Comprehensive Transcriptome Profiling of Dairy Goat Mammary Gland Identifies Genes and Networks Crucial for Lactation and Fatty Acid Metabolism
AU - Li, Cong
AU - Zhu, Jiangjiang
AU - Shi, Hengbo
AU - Luo, Jun
AU - Zhao, Wangsheng
AU - Shi, Huaiping
AU - Xu, Huifen
AU - Wang, Hui
AU - Loor, Juan J.
N1 - We thank Prof. Cal (Northwest A&F University) for surgical sampling of mammary gland tissue, the goat farm crew for taking care of the animals, and researchers of the Dairy Goat Lab of Northwest A&F University for their useful discussion. Funding. This work was jointly supported by National Natural Science Foundation of China (31772575 and 31702098) and the Key Research and Development Plan of Shaanxi Province, China (2018ZDCX-NY-01-05).
PY - 2020/9/25
Y1 - 2020/9/25
N2 - Milk fatty acids secreted by the mammary gland are one of the most important determinants of the nutritional value of goat milk. Unlike cow milk, limited data are available on the transcriptome-wide changes across stages of lactation in dairy goats. In this study, goat mammary gland tissue collected at peak lactation, cessation of milking, and involution were analyzed with digital gene expression (DGE) sequencing to generate longitudinal transcript profiles. A total of 51,299 unigenes were identified and further annotated to 12,763 genes, of which 9,131 were differentially expressed across various stages of lactation. Most abundant genes and differentially expressed genes (DEGs) were functionally classified through clusters of euKaryotic Orthologous Groups (KOG), Gene Ontology (GO), and Kyoto Encyclopedia of Genes and Genomes (KEGG) databases. A total of 16 possible expression patterns were uncovered, and 13 genes were deemed novel candidates for regulation of lactation in the goat: POLG, SPTA1, KLC, GIT2, COPS3, PDP, CD31, USP16/29/37, TLL1, NCAPH, ABI2, DNAJC4, and MAPK8IP3. In addition, PLA2, CPT1, PLD, GGA, SRPRB, and AP4S1 are proposed as novel and promising candidates regulating mammary fatty acid metabolism. “Butirosin and neomycin biosynthesis” and “Glyoxylate and dicarboxylate metabolism” were the most impacted pathways, and revealed novel metabolic alterations in lipid metabolism as lactation progressed. Overall, the present study provides new insights into the synthesis and metabolism of fatty acids and lipid species in the mammary gland along with more detailed information on molecular regulation of lactogenesis. The major findings will benefit efforts to further improve milk quality in dairy goats.
AB - Milk fatty acids secreted by the mammary gland are one of the most important determinants of the nutritional value of goat milk. Unlike cow milk, limited data are available on the transcriptome-wide changes across stages of lactation in dairy goats. In this study, goat mammary gland tissue collected at peak lactation, cessation of milking, and involution were analyzed with digital gene expression (DGE) sequencing to generate longitudinal transcript profiles. A total of 51,299 unigenes were identified and further annotated to 12,763 genes, of which 9,131 were differentially expressed across various stages of lactation. Most abundant genes and differentially expressed genes (DEGs) were functionally classified through clusters of euKaryotic Orthologous Groups (KOG), Gene Ontology (GO), and Kyoto Encyclopedia of Genes and Genomes (KEGG) databases. A total of 16 possible expression patterns were uncovered, and 13 genes were deemed novel candidates for regulation of lactation in the goat: POLG, SPTA1, KLC, GIT2, COPS3, PDP, CD31, USP16/29/37, TLL1, NCAPH, ABI2, DNAJC4, and MAPK8IP3. In addition, PLA2, CPT1, PLD, GGA, SRPRB, and AP4S1 are proposed as novel and promising candidates regulating mammary fatty acid metabolism. “Butirosin and neomycin biosynthesis” and “Glyoxylate and dicarboxylate metabolism” were the most impacted pathways, and revealed novel metabolic alterations in lipid metabolism as lactation progressed. Overall, the present study provides new insights into the synthesis and metabolism of fatty acids and lipid species in the mammary gland along with more detailed information on molecular regulation of lactogenesis. The major findings will benefit efforts to further improve milk quality in dairy goats.
KW - dairy goat
KW - digital gene expression sequencing
KW - fatty acid metabolism
KW - lactation
KW - mammary gland
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U2 - 10.3389/fgene.2020.00878
DO - 10.3389/fgene.2020.00878
M3 - Article
C2 - 33101357
AN - SCOPUS:85092178578
SN - 1664-8021
VL - 11
JO - Frontiers in Genetics
JF - Frontiers in Genetics
M1 - 878
ER -