Compliance biomonitoring - standard development and regulation enforcement using biomonitoring data.

Reviews the requirements for implementation of compliance biomonitoring, evaluates several methods of data collection and analysis, and suggests a mechanism for selection of compliance measures from biomonitoring data. In contrast to conventional regulatory methods which evaluate standard compliance using only single species toxicity testing or simplified microcosm/community analysis, the basis of the approach to compliance biomonitoring described here is analysis of hierarchies of biological organization and the reliability of measures available at each level. Emphasis is placed on sampling of systems which vary through space and time, determination of thresholds of effect, and requirements which must be met to assure maintenance of evidentiary standards for legal proceedings. -from Authors