TY - JOUR
T1 - Colorimetric Detection of Organophosphate Pesticides Based on Acetylcholinesterase and Cysteamine Capped Gold Nanoparticles as Nanozyme
AU - Shah, Muhammad Musaddiq
AU - Ren, Wen
AU - Irudayaraj, Joseph
AU - Sajini, Abdulrahim A.
AU - Ali, Muhammad Ishtiaq
AU - Ahmad, Bashir
N1 - Funding Information:
This manuscript was funded by Khalifa University of Science and Technology Competitive Internal Research Award CIRA-ADEK and by Abu Dhabi Award for Research Excellence (AARE) 2019. M.M.S. was supported by the Higher Education Commission (HEC) of Pakistan under the International Research Support Initiative Program (IRSIP).
Publisher Copyright:
© 2021 by the authors. Licensee MDPI, Basel, Switzerland.
PY - 2021/12/2
Y1 - 2021/12/2
N2 - Organophosphates (OPs) are neurotoxic agents also used as pesticides that can permanently block the active site of the acetylcholinesterase (AChE). A robust and sensitive detection system of OPs utilising the enzyme mimic potential of the cysteamine capped gold nanoparticles (C-AuNPs) was developed. The detection assay was performed by stepwise addition of AChE, parathion ethyl (PE)-a candidate OP, acetylcholine chloride (ACh), C-AuNPs, and 3, 3′, 5, 5′-tetramethylbenzidine (TMB) in the buffer solution. The whole sensing protocol completes in 30–40 min, including both incubations. The Transmission Electron Microscopy (TEM) results indicated that the NPs are spherical and have an average size of 13.24 nm. The monomers of C-AuNPs exhibited intense catalytic activity (nanozyme) for the oxidization of TMB, revealed by the production of instant blue colour and confirmed by a sharp peak at 652 nm. The proposed biosensor’s detection limit and linear ranges were 5.8 ng·mL−1 and 11.6–92.8 ng·mL−1, respectively, for PE. The results strongly advocate that the suggested facile colorimetric biosensor may provide an excellent platform for on-site monitoring of OPs.
AB - Organophosphates (OPs) are neurotoxic agents also used as pesticides that can permanently block the active site of the acetylcholinesterase (AChE). A robust and sensitive detection system of OPs utilising the enzyme mimic potential of the cysteamine capped gold nanoparticles (C-AuNPs) was developed. The detection assay was performed by stepwise addition of AChE, parathion ethyl (PE)-a candidate OP, acetylcholine chloride (ACh), C-AuNPs, and 3, 3′, 5, 5′-tetramethylbenzidine (TMB) in the buffer solution. The whole sensing protocol completes in 30–40 min, including both incubations. The Transmission Electron Microscopy (TEM) results indicated that the NPs are spherical and have an average size of 13.24 nm. The monomers of C-AuNPs exhibited intense catalytic activity (nanozyme) for the oxidization of TMB, revealed by the production of instant blue colour and confirmed by a sharp peak at 652 nm. The proposed biosensor’s detection limit and linear ranges were 5.8 ng·mL−1 and 11.6–92.8 ng·mL−1, respectively, for PE. The results strongly advocate that the suggested facile colorimetric biosensor may provide an excellent platform for on-site monitoring of OPs.
KW - Acetylcholinesterase inhibitors
KW - Colorimetric biosensor
KW - Nanozyme
KW - Neurotoxin
KW - Parathion ethyl
KW - Pesticide intoxication
UR - http://www.scopus.com/inward/record.url?scp=85120304296&partnerID=8YFLogxK
UR - http://www.scopus.com/inward/citedby.url?scp=85120304296&partnerID=8YFLogxK
U2 - 10.3390/s21238050
DO - 10.3390/s21238050
M3 - Article
C2 - 34884060
SN - 1424-8220
VL - 21
JO - Sensors
JF - Sensors
IS - 23
M1 - 8050
ER -