TY - JOUR
T1 - Climate-relevant properties of diesel particulate emissions
T2 - Results from a piggyback study in Bangkok, Thailand
AU - Subramanian, R.
AU - Winijkul, Ekbordin
AU - Bond, Tami C.
AU - Thiansathit, Worrarat
AU - Oanh, Nguyen Thi Kim
AU - Paw-Armart, Ittipol
AU - Duleep, K. G.
PY - 2009/6/1
Y1 - 2009/6/1
N2 - A "piggyback" approach is used to characterize aerosol emissions to obtain input for large-scale models of atmospheric transport. Particulate and gaseous emissions from diesel trucks, light-duty vehicles, and buses were measured by the Bangkok Pollution Control Department as part of the Developing Integrated Emissions Strategies for Existing Land Transport (DIESEL) project. We added filter-based measurements of carbonaceous composition, particulate light absorption, and water uptake. For 88 "normal" diesel vehicles (PM emission rate <4.7 g/kg), our best estimate of the average PM2.5 emission rate is 2.2 ± 0.5 g/kg, whereas for 15 high emitters, it is 8.4 ± 1.9 g/kg. The effect of Euro standards on PM emission rates was apparent for heavy-duty vehicles, but not for light-duty vehicles. Carbonaceous composition appears relatively consistent, with particulate (artifact-corrected) OC at 17 ( 1% and EC at 40 ( 8% of PM for 103 pickups, vans, heavy-duty trucks and buses. The median absorption cross-section for EC is 10.5 m2/g at 532 nm. The history of average emission rate and chemical composition during the project suggests that about 25 vehicles can provide a regional PM emission rate for normal vehicles. Other studies such as remote sensing measurements will be required to estimate the important contribution of high-emitting vehicles.
AB - A "piggyback" approach is used to characterize aerosol emissions to obtain input for large-scale models of atmospheric transport. Particulate and gaseous emissions from diesel trucks, light-duty vehicles, and buses were measured by the Bangkok Pollution Control Department as part of the Developing Integrated Emissions Strategies for Existing Land Transport (DIESEL) project. We added filter-based measurements of carbonaceous composition, particulate light absorption, and water uptake. For 88 "normal" diesel vehicles (PM emission rate <4.7 g/kg), our best estimate of the average PM2.5 emission rate is 2.2 ± 0.5 g/kg, whereas for 15 high emitters, it is 8.4 ± 1.9 g/kg. The effect of Euro standards on PM emission rates was apparent for heavy-duty vehicles, but not for light-duty vehicles. Carbonaceous composition appears relatively consistent, with particulate (artifact-corrected) OC at 17 ( 1% and EC at 40 ( 8% of PM for 103 pickups, vans, heavy-duty trucks and buses. The median absorption cross-section for EC is 10.5 m2/g at 532 nm. The history of average emission rate and chemical composition during the project suggests that about 25 vehicles can provide a regional PM emission rate for normal vehicles. Other studies such as remote sensing measurements will be required to estimate the important contribution of high-emitting vehicles.
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U2 - 10.1021/es8032296
DO - 10.1021/es8032296
M3 - Article
C2 - 19569354
AN - SCOPUS:66249112510
SN - 0013-936X
VL - 43
SP - 4213
EP - 4218
JO - Environmental Science and Technology
JF - Environmental Science and Technology
IS - 11
ER -