TY - JOUR
T1 - Circulating progenitor cells are positively associated with cognitive function among overweight/obese children
AU - Niemiro, Grace M.
AU - Raine, Lauren B.
AU - Khan, Naiman A.
AU - Emmons, Russell
AU - Little, Jonathan
AU - Kramer, Arthur F.
AU - Hillman, Charles H.
AU - De Lisio, Michael
N1 - Funding Information:
We thank Dr. Barbara Pilas and Angela Kouris at the Roy J. Carver biotechnology center at the University of Illinois at Urbana-Champaign, and Dr. Tor Jensen at the Carle Foundation Hospital for technical assistance with flow sorting, as well as Dr. Lara Pilutti and Dr. Sa Shen for consultation on statistical analyses. Funding was provided by Centers for Health, Aging, and Disability, UIUC and from the National Institutes of Health ( HD 069381 ). Lauren B. Raine was supported by the National Institute for Agriculture under the Illinois Transdisciplinary Obesity Prevention Program grant ( 2011-67001-30101 ) to the Division of Nutritional Sciences at the University of Illinois.
Publisher Copyright:
© 2016 Elsevier Inc.
PY - 2016/10/1
Y1 - 2016/10/1
N2 - Recent evidence has indicated that overweight/obese children may experience cognitive and immune dysfunction, but the underlying mechanisms responsible for the association between overweight/obesity, immune dysfunction, and cognition have yet to be established. The present study aimed to identify a novel link between obesity-induced immune system dysregulation and cognition in preadolescent children. A total of 27 male children (age: 8–10 years) were recruited and separated by body mass index (BMI) into healthy weight (HW: 5th–84.9th percentile, n = 16) and overweight/obese (OW: ⩾85th percentile, n = 11) groups. Adiposity was assessed using dual energy X-ray absorptiometry (DXA), and aspects of executive function were assessed using the Woodcock-Johnson III Tests of Cognitive Abilities. Monocyte populations (CD14+CD16−, CD14+CD16+) with and without expression of chemokine receptor type 2 (CCR2), and circulating progenitor cells (CPCs: CD34+CD45dim), in peripheral blood were quantified by flow cytometry. CPCs were isolated by flow sorting and cultured for 24 h for collection of conditioned media (CM) that was applied to SH-SY5Y neuroblastomas to examine the paracrine effects of CPCs on neurogenesis. OW had significantly higher quantities of both populations of monocytes (CD14+CD16−: 57% increase; CD14+CD16+: 95% increase, both p < 0.01), monocytes expressing CCR2 (CD14+CD16−CCR2+: 66% increase; CD14+CD16+CCR2+: 168% increase, both p < 0.01), and CPCs (47% increase, p < 0.05) than HW. CPCs were positively correlated with abdominal adiposity in OW, and negatively correlated in HW with a significant difference between correlations (p < 0.05). CPC content was positively correlated with executive processes in OW, and negatively correlated in HW with a significant difference in the strength of the correlations between groups (p < 0.05 for correlation between OW and HW). Finally, CPC-CM from OW trended to increase neuroblast viability in vitro relative to HW (1.79 fold, p = 0.07). These novel findings indicate that increased content of CPCs among OW children may play a role in preventing decrements in cognitive function via paracrine mechanisms.
AB - Recent evidence has indicated that overweight/obese children may experience cognitive and immune dysfunction, but the underlying mechanisms responsible for the association between overweight/obesity, immune dysfunction, and cognition have yet to be established. The present study aimed to identify a novel link between obesity-induced immune system dysregulation and cognition in preadolescent children. A total of 27 male children (age: 8–10 years) were recruited and separated by body mass index (BMI) into healthy weight (HW: 5th–84.9th percentile, n = 16) and overweight/obese (OW: ⩾85th percentile, n = 11) groups. Adiposity was assessed using dual energy X-ray absorptiometry (DXA), and aspects of executive function were assessed using the Woodcock-Johnson III Tests of Cognitive Abilities. Monocyte populations (CD14+CD16−, CD14+CD16+) with and without expression of chemokine receptor type 2 (CCR2), and circulating progenitor cells (CPCs: CD34+CD45dim), in peripheral blood were quantified by flow cytometry. CPCs were isolated by flow sorting and cultured for 24 h for collection of conditioned media (CM) that was applied to SH-SY5Y neuroblastomas to examine the paracrine effects of CPCs on neurogenesis. OW had significantly higher quantities of both populations of monocytes (CD14+CD16−: 57% increase; CD14+CD16+: 95% increase, both p < 0.01), monocytes expressing CCR2 (CD14+CD16−CCR2+: 66% increase; CD14+CD16+CCR2+: 168% increase, both p < 0.01), and CPCs (47% increase, p < 0.05) than HW. CPCs were positively correlated with abdominal adiposity in OW, and negatively correlated in HW with a significant difference between correlations (p < 0.05). CPC content was positively correlated with executive processes in OW, and negatively correlated in HW with a significant difference in the strength of the correlations between groups (p < 0.05 for correlation between OW and HW). Finally, CPC-CM from OW trended to increase neuroblast viability in vitro relative to HW (1.79 fold, p = 0.07). These novel findings indicate that increased content of CPCs among OW children may play a role in preventing decrements in cognitive function via paracrine mechanisms.
KW - Executive function
KW - Hematopoietic stem/progenitor cells
KW - Inflammation
KW - Neurogenesis
KW - Paracrine factor
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U2 - 10.1016/j.bbi.2016.03.018
DO - 10.1016/j.bbi.2016.03.018
M3 - Article
C2 - 27132057
AN - SCOPUS:84964989268
SN - 0889-1591
VL - 57
SP - 47
EP - 52
JO - Brain, Behavior, and Immunity
JF - Brain, Behavior, and Immunity
ER -