@article{b850566edce647f7bb50089ec3a597ed,
title = "Characterization of magnetic field noise in the ARIADNE source mass rotor",
abstract = "The Axion Resonant Interaction Detection Experiment (ARIADNE) is a nuclear-magnetic-resonance-based experiment that will search for novel axion-induced spin-dependent interactions between an unpolarized source mass rotor and spin-polarized He3 nuclei placed nearby. To detect a feeble axion-mediated signal at the subattotesla level, the experiment relies on ultralow magnetic background and noise. We measure and characterize the magnetic field from a prototype tungsten rotor. We show that the field is dominantly caused by a few discrete magnetic dipoles, likely due to impurities in the rotor. This is done via a numerical optimization pipeline which fits for the locations and magnetic moments of each dipole. We find that under the current demagnetization procedure, the magnetic moment of the impurities is bounded at 10-9 A m2. We further show that a shielding factor of 109 will support ARIADNE's design sensitivity with the current level of tungsten purity and demagnetization process.",
author = "Nancy Aggarwal and A. Schnabel and J. Voigt and Alex Brown and Long, {J. C.} and S. Knappe-Grueneberg and W. Kilian and A. Fang and Geraci, {A. A.} and A. Kapitulnik and D. Kim and Y. Kim and I. Lee and Lee, {Y. H.} and Liu, {C. Y.} and C. Lohmeyer and A. Reid and Y. Semertzidis and Y. Shin and J. Shortino and E. Smith and Snow, {W. M.} and E. Weisman and H. Zhang",
note = "Funding Information: We acknowledge support from the U.S. National Science Foundation, Grants No. NSF PHY-1509176, No. NSF PHY-1510484, No. NSF PHY-1506508, No. NSF PHY-1806671, No. NSF PHY-1806395, and No. NSF PHY-1806757. A.B., I.L., C.Y.L., J.C.L., A.R., J.S., E.S., and W.M.S. acknowledge support from the Indiana University Center for Spacetime Symmetries. Part of this work is supported by Institute for Basic Science under Grant No. IBS-R017-D1-2021-a00. We acknowledge the support of the Core Facility “Metrology of Ultra-Low Magnetic Fields” at Physikalisch-Technische Bundesanstalt, which receives funding from the Deutsche Forschungsgemeinschaft – DFG (Funding Codes No. DFG KO 5321/3-1 and No. TR 408/11-1). We thank Gabriel Collin and Lutz Trahms for useful discussions. Publisher Copyright: {\textcopyright} 2022 authors. Published by the American Physical Society. Published by the American Physical Society under the terms of the Creative Commons Attribution 4.0 International license. Further distribution of this work must maintain attribution to the author(s) and the published article's title, journal citation, and DOI.",
year = "2022",
month = mar,
day = "1",
doi = "10.1103/PhysRevResearch.4.013090",
language = "English (US)",
volume = "4",
journal = "Physical Review Research",
issn = "2643-1564",
publisher = "American Physical Society",
number = "1",
}