Causal fractal compression of video sequences using matching pursuit

In this article, a new video coding system is proposed which takes advantage of both intrascale and interscale similarities present in video sequences. Each block in every frame is approximated with a linear combination of members of an adaptive library of blocks constructed for that block. This library is made up of some fixed blocks (e.g., DCT basis blocks) and some adaptive blocks. The adaptive library blocks are blocks of the same size or larger blocks that are shrunk, taken from the previous frame. For each block in every frame, a rate-distortion optimized fully orthogonal matching pursuit algorithm is used to determine how many and which ones of the members of the library constructed for that block should be selected and linearly combined to approximate the block most efficiently in terms of bit rate and rms error. Simulation results on sample grayscale video sequence Miss America" suggests that this method has promising coding performance in terms of PSNR and bit rate, especially compared to other published fractal-based video compression methods.