@article{c3087f31025b40899c1529e6af8bab49,
title = "Broadening of Diffraction Peak Widths and Temperature Nonuniformity During Flash Experiments",
abstract = "Thermal expansion arising from Joule heating produces shifts in the diffraction peaks. The shifts are calibrated against the platinum standard to determine the specimen temperature during in -situ experiments at the Advanced Photon Source. Temperature gradients within the specimen cause the peaks to shift differently from different parts of the specimen. If the beam travels through the specimen the diffraction peak would broaden as a result of the nonuniform temperature. We report extensive measurements of peak widths in flash experiments over power dissipation levels that range from 300 to 2500 mW/mm3. Peak broadening occurs only above a critical power level. The broadening is transient, occurring only near the spike in power dissipation when the power supply is switched from voltage to current control (Stage II); it is estimated to arise from a nonuniformity of ~100°C within the specimen. The broadening subsides in the ensuing state of steady-state flash under current control (Stage III).",
keywords = "Joule heating, field-induced thermal gradients, flash sintering, in situ X-ray diffraction",
author = "Lebrun, {Jean Marie} and Jha, {Shikhar K.} and McCormack, {Scott J.} and Kriven, {Waltraud M.} and Rishi Raj and H. Chan",
note = "Funding Information: We are pleased to acknowledge assistance and discussion with Christian M. Schlepuetz and Evguenia Karapetrova, physicists at the beam line 33BMC at the Argonne Photon Source, where these experiments have been performed. The Advanced Photon Source is an Office of Science User Facility operated for the U.S. Department of Energy (DOE) Office of Science by Argonne National Laboratory, supported by the U.S. DOE under Contract No. DE-AC02-06CH11357. Jean-Marie Lebrun is pleased to acknowledge support from the Office of Naval Research under the direction of Dr. Lawrence Kabacoff under grant number N00014-12-1-0710. Shikhar K. Jha and Rishi Raj as well as the development and use of the facilities used in these experiments, have been supported by the Basic Energy Sciences Division of the Department of Energy under grant number DE-FG02-07ER46403. Waltraud M. Kriven and Scott J. McCormack acknowledge the support of the Air Force Office of Scientific Research under Grant FA9550-09-1-0322. Publisher Copyright: {\textcopyright} 2016 The American Ceramic Society",
year = "2016",
month = oct,
day = "1",
doi = "10.1111/jace.14326",
language = "English (US)",
volume = "99",
pages = "3429--3434",
journal = "Journal of the American Chemical Society",
issn = "0002-7863",
publisher = "American Chemical Society",
number = "10",
}