Bovine kobuvirus - a comprehensive review

Bovine kobuvirus (BKV) is a single-stranded, positive sense, non-enveloped RNA virus in genus Kobuvirus of family Picornavirus. BKV was first identified in the culture media of HeLa cell containing calf serum in 2003. Since then, BKV has been detected in 13 countries of four different continents, suggesting widespread in the world. Herein, we review the detection and genomic characterization of BKV in 13 countries. All studies tested bovine fecal samples for BKV. These studies provide evidence that BKV might be a causative agent for neonatal calf diarrhea. Therefore, further efforts including animal challenge study are urgently needed to unveil the pathogenicity of BKV.